Paul Gassman

Mineralogical and Morphological Characterization of microbially reduced oxides and oxyhydroxides

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Paul Gassman

Project type

Exploratory Research

This proposal is for ongoing research under the NABIR program. The programmatic needs for instrumentation in the IPS directorate of EMSL include access to the field emission scanning electron…

Photometric response of anion selective chromoionophores

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Shane Peper

Project type

Limited Scope

UV-Vis absorbance and fluorescence spectrophotometeries are required to test the photometric response of some halide selective chromoionophores.

Soft-Landing of Complex Ions on Surfaces

Lead Institution

Purdue University

Principal Investigator

Robert Cooks

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Interaction of ions with surfaces is an area of active fundamental research in surface science relevant to a broad range of other scientific disciplines supported by the DOE Office of Science such as…

An Optical Spectroscopy Investigation of Environmental Effects on Uranium Oxyfluoride Particles

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Khris Olsen

Project type

Limited Scope

Uranium oxyfluoride (UO2F2) is the first metastable hydrolysis product of uranium hexafluoride (UF6), an important chemical in the uranium separation process as well as a trace impurity in WF6, which…

Molecular Level Construction of Functional Surfaces

Lead Institution

New Jersey Institute of Technology

Principal Investigator

Sergiu Gorun

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The objective of the proposed work is to develop procedures for molecular level construction of layers of hybrid organic inorganic composites exhibiting divergent, but useful properties. Examples of…

Solvent Effects on Fluorescence Lifetimes of Uranyl Salts

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Paul Gassman

Project type

Limited Scope

We propose to utilize the EMSL cryogenic laser induced fluorescence (CLIFS) capability in laboratory 1507 for the purpose of quantifying the effects of solvents on fluorescence lifetimes of various…

Nondestructive Surface-Spectroscopy of Oxidized Metallic Gas Samples

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

James Amonette

Project type

Limited Scope

On-going field investigations of the fate and transport of metallic gases for the U.S. nuclear nonproliferation program require enhanced nondestructive surface spectroscopic analyses to determine the…

Volumetric Density of Alpha-recoil Tracks in Uranium Oxide by TEM

Lead Institution

Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Theva Thevuthasan

Considerable effort has been and is being expended to explore various avenues related to nuclear forensics, whether they are for environmental signatures, remediation, or proliferation detection and…

Active Standoff Detection of Low-Volatility Chemicals on Soils Using Infrared Reflection-Absorption Spectroscopy (NNSA, PNNL Scope #25399)

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Thomas Blake

The purpose of this research is to develop experimental and spectral analysis methodologies to detect low-volatility chemicals spilled onto bare soils using infrared reflection-absorption…

Improving Geochemical Source-term Models though an Increased Understanding of the Structure, Reactivity, and Dynamics of Nuclear Waste Form Interfaces

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Joseph Ryan

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

EMSL resources are requested to enable an international team of collaborators to solve fundamental problems in interfacial glass corrosion chemistry. With the recent dismissal of Yucca Mountain as…

Kinetic Study of Heterogeneous Reaction of Soot with Reactive Oxidants

Lead Institution

Stanford University

Principal Investigator

Hai Wang

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Heterogeneous reactions occurring between aerosol particles and reactive gaseous species in the atmosphere have significant impacts on atmospheric composition and chemistry, global radiative forcing,…

Liquid Infrared Spectroscopy and Spill Phenomenology (Hylden FTIR-Liquids, PNNL Scope # 44568)

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Paul Gassman

Project type

Exploratory Research

We propose to measure the fundamental absorbance characteristics of neat liquids using a conventional Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR). These optical constants are essential to…

Adhesion of Polymer Spheres to Modified Natural Fibers

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

James Holbery

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The technical motivation of the research is to advance current capabilities in natural fiber surface chemistry to develop modification processes that simultaneously displace water within the fiber…

Characterization of the Local Structure and Chemistry of 99Tc in Simulated Nuclear Waste Glasses and its Effect on Chemical Leaching

Lead Institution

Washington State University

Principal Investigator

John McCloy

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

A priority goal of the United States Department of Energy is to dispose of nuclear wastes accumulated in underground tanks at the Hanford Nuclear Reservation in Richland, WA. Incorporation and…

Fabrication of a Carbon Nanotube Thermionic Cathode

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Kyle Bunch

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

We propose to fabricate a thermionic cathode based on carbon nanotubes as an emitting material. Electron sources compatible with microfabrication processes are critical for the advancement of…

Study on elemental distribution in the process of nuclear waste glass melting

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Dong-Sang Kim

A large volume of low-activity waste (LAW) will be vitrified into borosilicate glass at the Hanford Tank Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant. The LAW is typically an aqueous solution containing…

TOF-SIMS and Auger studies of ozone oxidation of unsaturated self assembled monolayers on silicon surfaces

Lead Institution

University of California, Irvine

Principal Investigator

Barbara Finlayson-Pitts

Project type

Exploratory Research

It has been recognized for decades that dust storms can lead to the global distribution of airborne mineral oxide particles,1 and that these can have an impact on climate as well as the chemistry of…

Microscale and spectroscopic investigations in geochemical and microbiological systems

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

John Zachara

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Apply experimental manipulation and field investigations to understanding the behavior of selected chemical and microbial components in natural systems. The research is targeted towards compounds…

Establish a Penn State Center for Environmental Kinetics - as part of the Environmental Molecular Science Institute (EMSI) program (NSF/DOE-OBER) [PNNL Scope #47287, Zachara EMSI)

Lead Institution

Pennsylvania State University

Principal Investigator

William Burgos

Project type

Exploratory Research

The National Science Foundation has awarded a team of Penn State researchers $6.7 million to establish a new center for the study of environmental kinetics. Susan L. Brantley, director of the…

Experimental and Theoretical Studies of Reaction Pathways for the Breakdown of Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Molecules by Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles(including PNNL Scope # 42184/44076, Baer/Amonette/Tratnyek Nano-Fe BES/EMSP project)

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

James Amonette

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Metal and metal-oxide nanoparticles have been shown to have high reactivity towards a variety of chemical species, including chlorinated hydrocarbons and reducible oxyanions that frequently…

Measurement of specific surface areas

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Paul Gassman

Project type

Exploratory Research

Would like to measure the specific surface areas of two alumina powders (non-hazardous).

Infrared (IR) versus Terahertz (THz) Absorption Strengths for Chemical Species Associated with Homeland Security

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Timothy Johnson

Project type

Limited Scope

We will measure the absolute infrared (IR) and terahertz (THz) absorption oscillator strengths of several species of interest associated with homeland security to assess the relative merits of the IR…

Investigation of Metals Corrosion in SOFCs Using Raman Spectroscopy (PNNL Scope # 40552 SOFC Interconnects)

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Guanguang (Gordon) Xia

Project type

Exploratory Research

Objectives: The objectives of this task to: • Use the Raman spectroscopy to investigate carbon dusting on SOFC interconnect candidate alloys • Understand the carbon dusting and corrosion behavior…

Heterogeneous Ice Nucleation from Biomass Burning Particles: The Effect of Chemical
Composition and Chemical Aging

Lead Institution

State University of New York at Stony Brook

Principal Investigator

Daniel Knopf

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Organic material is ubiquitous in atmospheric particles. This proposal focuses on potential ice nucleation (IN) activity of biomass burning aerosol (BBA). Biomass burning is a major source of gases…

Reactive and Non-Reactive Deposition of Hyperthermal (1-100 eV) Peptide Ions Surfaces (J Laskin's joint BES/LDRD, PNNL Scope #49904)

Lead Institution

Purdue University

Principal Investigator

Julia Laskin

Project type

Exploratory Research

Interaction of ions with surfaces is an area of active fundamental research in surface science relevant to a broad range of other scientific disciplines such as materials science, mass spectrometry,…

Probing atmospheric chemistry of aerosols to gain insights into cloud condensation
behavior

Lead Institution

University of California, San Diego

Principal Investigator

Kimberly Prather

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

This proposal focuses on performing off-line complementary measurements of single particles in an effort to better understand single particle chemistry, morphology, metal speciation, CCN ability,…

Microscopic visualization of membrane pores and bacterial foulants

Lead Institution

University of Houston

Principal Investigator

Shankar Chellam

Project type

Exploratory Research

My research is mainly centered on membrane technologies for municipal water purification. We (1) elucidate contaminant transport and membrane fouling mechanisms, (2) devise methods to enhance…

Reactive Spectro-microscopy Studies of Substrate-Deposited of Organic Aerosol Particles

Lead Institution

University of Iowa

Principal Investigator

Alexei Tivanski

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

This project seeks to characterize the chemical and morphological changes of individual atmospheric particles during chemical transformations. Chemical transformations include oxidation of these…

Optical and Hygroscopic Properties of Atmospheric Aerosols (A Laskin's ASP, PNNL Scope #47767)

Lead Institution

Purdue University

Principal Investigator

Alexander Laskin

Project type

Exploratory Research

Conduct laboratory studies of chemical composition, optical and hygroscopic properties of field collected atmospheric aerosols.

Kinetic study of heterogeneous reaction of palladium nanoparticles with O2 and OH

Lead Institution

Stanford University

Principal Investigator

Hai Wang

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The proposed research will examine the reaction kinetics and mechanism of palladium nanoparticle oxidation in molecular oxygen and by the hydroxyl radical. We will use the substrate deposited…

Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy of Soils (Blake's NNSA, PNNL Scope #43865)

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Thomas Blake

This Spectral Signatures Task consists of recording surface chemical signatures of low-volatility organophosphorus compounds.

Gas Chromatography of Solvent Extracted Organo-Phosphorous Compounds from Soils (related to Surface Reflectance Spectroscopy PNNL Scope # 43865)

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

James Kelly

Project type

Exploratory Research

This work will involve performing chromatography of organic and organo-phosphorous compound that were extracted from soil samples using a solvent extractor. Note - most reflectance data taken in…

Projects