Projects

Using Multi-Modal Micro-Spectroscopy Techniques to Determine the Impact of Aerosolized Organic Material on Biogeochemical Cycles of Fe and P in the Amazon Basin

Lead Institution

University of Miami

Principal Investigator

Cassandra Gaston

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Aerosols transported from Africa are thought to critically impact the biogeochemical cycling of iron (Fe) and phosphorus (P) in the Amazon and relieve nutrient limitations in this ecosystem…

Contaminant immobilization through heterogeneous carbonate growth at mineral/water and mineral/microbe interfaces

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Sebastien Kerisit

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The presence of mineral surfaces and of microorganisms significantly impacts the nature and composition of mineral phases formed in biogeochemical systems. Despite the importance of these…

Does Geochemical Legacy Select for Soil Microbial Members in Establishing Wetland Functions?

Lead Institution

University of Maryland, College Park

Principal Investigator

Stephanie Yarwood

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Wetland restoration efforts are critical to enhance carbon sequestration in biomass and reestablish ecosystem vitality and functions. The success of such restoration efforts are frequently assessed…

Controls of bioorganic constituents of soils in the confined regions between mineral surfaces on nucleation and aggregation

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

James De Yoreo

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The aims of the proposed research are to: 1) Determine the structure of the near surface water layer in the confined region between approaching mineral surfaces and determine the impact of…

Quantification of gene expression patterns relevant to microbial mercury transformations

Lead Institution

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Alexander Johs

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Levels of toxic methylmercury (MeHg) in the environment are a net result of mercury (Hg) methylation and MeHg demethylation processes. Mercury methylation by anaerobic bacteria and archaea is the…

The role of Fe(oxyhydr)oxides in regulating the biogeochemical cycling of Zinc; an essential micro-nutrient

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Eugene Ilton

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

We propose to study the influence of Fe(III) (oxyhydr)oxides on the biogeochemical cycling of Zn, an essential micronutrient. The work is specifically focused on incorporation of Zn into the…

Unraveling Redox Transformation Mechanisms of Ferrihydrite and Micronutrient Metal Incorporation at the Molecular Scale

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Kevin Rosso

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Understanding aquatic chemistry, the natural cycling and fractionation of elements, and energy flow in soils almost always involves, by necessity, attention to the governing influence of electron…

Development of ab initio time-dependent GW+BSE method based on surface hopping scheme in nonadiabatic molecular dynamics

Lead Institution

University of Science and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences

Principal Investigator

Jin Zhao

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

An exciton is a quasiparticle formed by an electron and a hole, which interact through the Coulomb interaction. It generally describes optically excited states in insulators, semiconductors, and…

Investigating Aerosol Aging Processes in the Eastern North Atlantic

Lead Institution

Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research

Principal Investigator

Birgit Wehner

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Aerosols, cloud, and radiation interactions regulate several key aspects of the Earth's hydrogeological cycle, weather, and climate system. The number concentration of cloud condensation nuclei …

Understanding ice nucleating particles from agricultural dusts

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Susannah Burrows

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The atmospheric concentration of ice-nucleating particles (INPs) impacts the formation and development of cloud ice crystals, affecting cloud radiative properties and precipitation. However,…

Coupling spectral techniques; Molecular characterization of dissolved organic matter across the major soils and ecosystems of the United States using fluorescence spectroscopy and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectroscopy

Lead Institution

University of Colorado at Boulder

Principal Investigator

Michael Sanclements

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

This User proposal will facilitate the completion of data analysis central to the broader research effort investigating soil organic matter (SOM) stabilization and vulnerability using a multi-scale…

Computational Studies of Nanoparticle Formation and Bulk Properties for Biomineralization

Lead Institution

University of Alabama

Principal Investigator

David Dixon

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

There is a critical need to develop an understanding of nanoparticle and mineral formation in systems that contain H2O, metal ions and CO2 as carbonation and hydrolysis reactions are important for…

Atomic Resolution of the Structure and Fungal Degradation of Wood Secondary Cell Walls

Lead Institution

Michigan State University

Principal Investigator

Tuo Wang

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The proposed research aims at obtaining atomic-level information to construct four structural models that reflect the supramolecular architecture of plant secondary cell walls in hardwoods and…

Aerosol-Ice Formation Closure Study Applying Ambient Aerosol Particles

Lead Institution

State University of New York at Stony Brook

Principal Investigator

Daniel Knopf

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Atmospheric ice nucleation represents one of the least understood atmospheric processes, hampering prediction of cloud processes and climate. Whereas the aerosol community has widely conducted…

Structural characterization of nodule-specific cysteine-rich antifungal peptides and their phospholipid receptors for elucidation of their modes of action

Lead Institution

Donald Danforth Plant Science Center

Principal Investigator

Dilip Shah

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a major component of innate immunity against infectious diseases in animals and plants [2]. A feature prominent in many families of AMPs, such as defensins (Figure 1…

Coupling Measurements and Modeling to Understand the Lifecycle of Secondary Organic Aerosol over Local to Regional Scales

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Jerome Fast

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Our hypothesis is that a better understanding of fast-reacting processes, such as the chemistry of volatile organic compounds associated with isoprene having a lifetime of ~minutes, is needed to make…

Palmitoylation is a dynamic regulator of plant receptor localization and function

Lead Institution

University of Missouri - Columbia

Principal Investigator

Gary Stacey

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Recent data indicate that competition between plant plasma membrane (PM) receptor palmitoylation and autophosphorylation defines inactive and active states, respectively. Hence, for any given…

The formation of pyrite and incorporation of trace element and water inclusions: a view from modern depositional settings

Lead Institution

University of Toronto

Principal Investigator

Daniel Gregory

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

This project utilizes atom probe tomography (APT) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to investigate microcrystalline masses of pyrite (FeS2) at the nano-scale. These analyses will be…

In situ tracking of carbon flow through the soil microbiome

Lead Institution

Institute of Microbiology of the CAS

Principal Investigator

Petr Baldrian

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Forest soils represent an environment with high carbon (C) stocks and important hotspots of C turnover and microorganisms are the most important actors in this process. The understanding of the C…

Probing the Extreme Temperature and Salinity Limits of Deep Subsurface CH4-cycling Chemolithoautotrophic Microbial Syntrophic Communities and Their Assembly Using NanoSIMS and FISH-TAMB

Lead Institution

Princeton University

Principal Investigator

Tullis Onstott

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The specific aim of this Large-Scale EMSL proposal is to image the metabolic interactions of deep subsurface anaerobic CH4-cycling microbial consortia: 1) at high pressure and temperature; 2) at high…