Projects

Characterization of Catalyst Materials in the Electron and Atom Probe Microscopes

Lead Institution

Argonne National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Ilke Arslan

Project type

Exploratory Research

The aim of this proposal is to combine existing techniques in the electron and atom-probe microscopes to afford novel methods for a fundamental understanding of catalyst interactions with atomic…

Unraveling Oxygen Reduction Reaction at Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Cathodes

Lead Institution

Boston University

Principal Investigator

Srikanth Gopalan

Project type

Exploratory Research

We seek to uncover the role of the structure and chemistry of the surfaces of solid oxide fuel cell cathodes in the oxygen reduction reaction. In particular we seek to understand the relationship of…

Mass spectrometry analysis of nucleotides/nucleosides

Lead Institution

Washington State University Tri-Cities

Principal Investigator

Kathleen McAteer

Project type

Exploratory Research

We wish to synthesize a number of specifically-labeled DNA oligomers that will be valuable in characterizing the structure and dynamics of damaged DNAs. In order to do this we will isolate 13C and…

Dopamine Replacement Therapy and Parkinson's Disease

Lead Institution

Uppsala University

Principal Investigator

Malin Andersson

Project type

Exploratory Research

Dopamine (DA) replacement therapy with L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) is currently the most efficient pharmacotherapy for patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), but with disease…

DFT and Ab Initio Studies of the size dependent structure and properties of Boron and Gold Nanoclusters

Lead Institution

Brown University

Principal Investigator

Lai-Sheng Wang

Project type

Exploratory Research

Clusters provide intermediate molecular systems bridging the gap between atoms and condensed matter. Their finite and controllable size in principle makes them ideal candidates for molecular-level…

Structural Genomics Center for Infectious Diseases - Year III

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Garry Buchko

Project type

Exploratory Research

New medicines are urgently needed against infectious diseases that are becoming increasingly more resistant to current therapies. The strategy being used by the National Institute of Health (NIH) to…

Ab Initio Calculations of Charge Carrier Properties and Excited-State Processes in Scintillator Materials

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Renee Van Ginhoven

Project type

Exploratory Research

The development of new and improved materials for radiation detection is driven by unmet detector requirements for nuclear non-proliferation, homeland security, imaging for medical diagnosis and…

Zeta Potential Analysis of various metal oxide powders and mixed oxide simulants

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Carolyn Burns

Project type

Exploratory Research

The IEP of a range of metal oxides will be determined under different ionic strengths. This work is required to support EM-31 WP-2 Alternative Waste Pretreatment sub-task 2.3.6 for the FY10 EM31…

Semi-Experimental Equilibrium Structures for Molecules of Biological Significance

Lead Institution

Oberlin College

Principal Investigator

Norman Craig

Project type

Exploratory Research

Polyenes are important in vision, in natural pigments, and in light-harvesting for photosynthesis. Putting fluorine substituents in medicinal substances has become an important strategy for tuning…

Investigation into Sculpted Film Metamaterials for Designed Electromagnetic Behavior

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Kyle Bunch

Project type

Exploratory Research

Sculpted thin films are a class of nanoengineered surfaces that have been designed to exhibit specific scattering characteristics in a particular electromagnetic band. The particular surfaces…

Enamel biomineralization: Solution- and solid-state NMR

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Garry Buchko

Project type

Exploratory Research

Dental enamel, the layer of elongated carbonated hydroxyapatite on the outer layer of the tooth, is the hardest tissue in the human body. It needs to be strong because it cannot repair itself nor can…

Multi-Resolution Structure and Reactivity of Kinetically
Roughened Oxide Surfaces: Nanometric Scaling Behavior
and Molecular-Scale Controls (Rosso BES,PNNL Scope #43862. Rosso BES)

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Kevin Rosso

Project type

Exploratory Research

Surfaces of Fe oxides, Mn oxides and Si oxides (quartz) minerals in natural settings exhibit a significant degree of morphological heterogeneity on scales from 1-1000 nm. Surface roughness and its…

The development of thermodynamic models for actinide species in mixed solvent systems: application to binding in microbial membranes.

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Sue Clark

Project type

Exploratory Research

Recent molecular dynamics simulations of the binding of metal ions in the outer lipopolysaccharide (LPS) layer of gram-negative bacteria have suggested unique metal binding mechanisms via cross…

The Effect of Molybdenum on Niobium Diffusivity in Austenite and Microalloy Precipitate Evolution in Vacuum Carburizing Steels

Lead Institution

Colorado School of Mines

Principal Investigator

Kip Findley

Project type

Exploratory Research

To capitalize on the increased processing temperature capability and reduction in processing times associated with high-temperature vacuum carburizing of steels, existing commercial carburizing…

Exploring the processes that control uranyl reduction by magnetite and the growth of nanoparticulate surface precipitates by X-ray scattering and X-ray absorption spectroscopy

Lead Institution

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Glenn Waychunas

Project type

Exploratory Research

Uranium (U) has been released into the environment through mining operations, nuclear testing, and accidental spills, and is a contaminant in soils, sediments and groundwater at 70% of the Department…

Development of Catalysts for the Selective Conversion of Biomass Derived Products to Fuels or Hydrogen

Lead Institution

Virginia Polytechnic Institute

Principal Investigator

Ayman Karim

Project type

Exploratory Research

The large increase in energy demand by emerging economies and the environmental concerns over the use of fossil fuels has led to the focus on renewable energy sources such as biomass. Several…

A Systems Biology Approach to Infectious Diseases Research

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Joshua Adkins

Project type

Exploratory Research

We describe an integrated program for coupling advanced capabilities in high-throughput transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics with a comprehensive informatics infrastructure and a…

High Resolution 1H NMR Metabolomics Using Slow and Fast Magic Angle Spinning

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Jian-zhi Hu

Project type

Exploratory Research

We propose to develop both slow and fast magic angle sample spinning NMR methods that is capable of high resolution and high sensitivity metabolic profiling on biological samples, in particular…

Spectroscopic and ultrafast dynamics study of poly (3-hexylthiophene) in organic solar cell doped with graphene oxide

Lead Institution

University of Alabama

Principal Investigator

Shanlin Pan

Project type

Exploratory Research

Organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices have been studied extensively and promise to be efficient and cheap devices to convert solar energy in comparison with their inorganic counterparts. We request the…

Chemistry and Microphysics of Small Particles

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Alla Zelenyuk-Imre

Project type

Exploratory Research

This research is focused on the development and application of unique tools and methods to study the fundamental properties and processes that govern the chemistry and microphysics of particles at…