Projects

Deciphering the 24 nt siRNA Biogenesis and Chromatin Modification Network in Plants

Lead Institution

Indiana University - Bloomington

Principal Investigator

Craig Pikaard

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Small RNAs, including short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and micro RNAs (miRNAs) play essential roles in development, nuclear organization of the genome, transposon taming, and defense against viral and…

The ISO-BOSS: Quantifying and Resolving Metabolic Rates and Metabolic Pathways in the Deep Subsurface Biosphere

Lead Institution

Harvard University

Principal Investigator

Peter Girguis

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Title: The ISO-BOSS: Quantifying and resolving metabolic rates and metabolic pathways in the deep subsurface biosphere PNNL ISO-BOSS abstract Recent evidence has shown that an extensive…

Coupled Surface and Solid-State Charge and Ion Transport Dynamics at Mineral/Water Interfaces: Redox Transformation of the Iron Oxides

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Kevin Rosso

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

This EMSL user proposal requests a continuation of EMSL access for a BES Geosciences supported project led by Dr. Rosso at PNNL. The past three years of research under this BES project we have been…

Activity-based Protein Capture of Archaeal Enzymes to Constrain Physiological Activity and Their Role in Global Methane Cycling

Lead Institution

Harvard University

Principal Investigator

Peter Girguis

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Methane is a potent greenhouse gas, capable of absorbing and releasing 25 times more heat to the atmosphere per molecule than carbon dioxide. A significant fraction of methane on Earth is…

Towards Complete Proteome Coverage and Identification of the Entire Protein Coding Potential of the Model Pathogen Bartonella henselae

Lead Institution

University of Zurich

Principal Investigator

Christian Ahrens

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Complete proteome discovery projects provide unique information not amenable by genomics technologies, including genes missed in the genome annotation, protein modifications, the true expression…

Experimental Capabilities and Fundamental Science for Geologic Carbon Sequestration: The PNNL In Situ Supercritical Suite (IS3)

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Kevin Rosso

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

This Science Theme proposal requests EMSL access for investigators in the In Situ Supercritical Suite (IS3) component of PNNL's Carbon Sequestration Initiative (CSI). The CSI is a multi-million…

Laboratory and Field Studies of Cloud Formation

Lead Institution

Purdue University

Principal Investigator

Daniel Cziczo

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The relationship between aerosol particles and the formation of clouds is among the most uncertain aspects in our current understanding of climate change. Warm clouds have been the most extensively…

New Materials for Solar Cells Revealed via Quantum Mechanics

Lead Institution

Princeton University

Principal Investigator

Emily Carter

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

This project is motivated by the low conversion efficiency of inexpensive solar cells intended as an alternative to fossil fuels, the primary energy resource. The research objectives are to explore…

Role of Protein Dynamics in G Protein Signaling

Lead Institution

University of Montana

Principal Investigator

Stephen Sprang

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

This is a multi-investigator project aimed at understanding the role of protein dynamics in controlling the catalytic properties of an important family of biological regulators: the G-alpha subunits…

The Role of Interfacial Processes on Mineral Transformations in Wet Supercritical CO2

Lead Institution

Washington State University

Principal Investigator

Andrew Felmy

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

We propose a comprehensive experimental and theoretical investigation of the role of interfacial water and CO2 on the energies, mechanisms, and rates of reactivity of a series of orthosilicate and…

Atomically Resolved Studies of Catalytic Oxidation of Organics on TiO2(110)

Lead Institution

Baylor University

Principal Investigator

Zhenrong Zhang

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

A fundamental understanding of the structure-related mechanisms and dynamics of catalytic reactions on oxide catalysts is essential for the development of better catalytic systems. Catalytic…

Pore-Scale Evaluation of the Effect of Bioavailable Iron on U(Vi) Reduction Kinetics and U(Iv) Re-Oxidation of Relevance to Bioremediation Efforts at the Hanford Site

Lead Institution

University of Texas at Austin

Principal Investigator

Charles Werth

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Scores of hazardous waste sites are contaminated with uranium, primarily due to uranium mining and processing by the Department of Energy over a 40-year period between 1940 and 1980 (Wolbarst et al.,…

Probing the Fundamental Interactions in Carbon Capture and Sequestration: A Combined Computational and Experimental Investigation

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Vassiliki-Alexandra Glezakou

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The proposed work will investigate the fundamental interactions between sc-CO2 and metal/metal oxide or carbonate surfaces in the presence of other contaminants and metal impurities, in order to…

Microstructural and Irradiation Effects on Ag and Cs Diffusion in CVD-SiC

Lead Institution

University of Wisconsin, Madison

Principal Investigator

Todd Allen

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The DOE has selected the Very High Temperature Gas Cooled Reactor (VHTR) as its next generation nuclear plant. The VHTR is designed to operate at higher temperatures than conventional light water…

Interplay Between Electronic and Ionic Processes at Grain Boundaries of Polycrystalline Oxides

Lead Institution

University College London

Principal Investigator

Alexander Shlyuger

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The main objective of this project is to investigate the interplay between electronic and ionic processes at grain boundaries of polycrystalline oxides, such as MgO, stabilized cubic ZrO2 and…

Molecular Controls of Hematite-CO2 Interactions on Particles with Well-Defined Crystal Planes

Lead Institution

Umea University

Principal Investigator

Jean-Francois Boily

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

This work was devised to contribute to a new basis of understanding of mineral surface reactivity through the used of well-defined surfaces. As it is primordially focused on the reactivity of…

The Influence of Reaction Pathways on the Reduction of U(VI) to U(IV): The Role of the Intermediate U(V) Species

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Eugene Ilton

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

This proposal is focused on the interfacial oxidation/reduction mechanisms of polyvalent metal ions important in subsurface systems. The current research is targeted at unraveling the reaction…

Molecular Chemistry of Secondary Organic Aerosol Formed in Photochemical Aging of Primary Anthropogenic Emissions

Lead Institution

University of California, Irvine

Principal Investigator

Sergey Nizkorodov

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

We propose to examine molecular level processes taking place in anthropogenic secondary organic aerosols (SOA) using recently developed tools of high resolution mass spectrometry. The proposed…

Microbial Systems Ecology of a Seasonally Anoxic Fjord: Saanich Inlet

Lead Institution

University of British Columbia

Principal Investigator

Steven Hallam

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Marine oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) are widespread oceanographic features currently expanding due to global warming. Although inhospitable to aerobic respiring organisms, OMZs support a thriving…

Quantum Mechanical and Molecular Mechanical Methods for Iron-Sulfur Proteins

Lead Institution

Texas A&M University

Principal Investigator

Shuqiang Niu

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Iron-sulfur proteins are an important class of electron carriers and redox sites in a wide variety of electron transport and enzymatic processes, including photosynthesis, respiration, nitrogen…