Projects

Control of methane and carbon dioxide emissions by sulfur biogeochemistry in terrestrial ecosystems

Lead Institution

Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory

Principal Investigator

John Cliff

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Freshwater wetlands are responsible for 40% of the methane emissions worldwide. Despite very low amounts of ambient sulfate, these ecosystems often support high rates of sulfate reduction, rivaling…

In planta colocalization and induction of gene expression in wood-degrading fungi

Lead Institution

University of Minnesota

Principal Investigator

Jonathan Schilling

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Wood-degrading fungi make energy from nature’s most abundant yet most recalcitrant plant tissue.9 Their mechanisms have obvious bioenergy relevance, and the brown rot fungi we study accomplish this…

Understanding the ionic transport phenomena in high capacity and high voltage oxides for high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries

Lead Institution

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Debasish Mohanty

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

This project proposes the utilization of high resolution characterization techniques, namely Atom Probe Tomography (APT) and aberration corrected Transmission electron microscopy on high-voltage…

Chemical Imaging and Molecular Characterization of Primary Biological Particles.

Lead Institution

University of California, Irvine

Principal Investigator

Alex Guenther

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The objective of the proposed project is to conduct in-depth studies of Primary Biological Aerosol Particles (PBAP) for predictive understanding of their environmental impact. The ultimate goal is to…

Development of NMR Sparse Sampling Methods for Quantitative Metabolic Flux Analysis

Lead Institution

Duke University

Principal Investigator

Brian Coggins

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Quantitative metabolomics and metabolic flux analysis have emerged in recent years as valuable approaches for the study of carbon cycling in living organisms and in the environment, whether for…

Analysis of Post-translational Modifications of endo-Glucanases using High Accuracy Mass Spectrometry

Lead Institution

Michigan State University

Principal Investigator

Jonathan Walton

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

A critical step in the lignocellulosic biofuels pipeline is the extraction of fermentable sugars from plant biomass. Extracellular fungal enzymes are currently the most effective way of…

Does Chloroplast Thylakoid Membrane Organization Influence Desiccation Tolerance in Green Algae?

Lead Institution

Marine Biological Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Zoe Cardon

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

A key step in the evolution and diversification of advanced life on Earth was the transition from aquatic to terrestrial habitats. Organisms making the leap from water to land faced high light levels…

AMANZI - A New Community-Based High-Performance Code for Reactive Transport Modeling: Deployment for BER Science Applications

Lead Institution

Los Alamos National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

John Moulton

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Advancing predictive models of complex environmental systems, such as the Earth's subsurface and terrestrial ecosystems, requires that high-performance computational software and hardware be…

Identifying the source of ice nucleating particles in biomass burning aerosol, and the effect of chemical aging and freeze-drying on their freezing properties

Lead Institution

Carnegie Mellon University

Principal Investigator

Ryan Sullivan

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The nanoscale surface features that create efficient ice active sites on atmospheric particles that control heterogeneous ice nucleation remain largely unknown. Cloud glaciation induced by these ice…

Heterogeneous catalysts design for biorefining and energy conversion processes

Lead Institution

University of South Carolina

Principal Investigator

Andreas Heyden

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The overall goal of this project is to develop, implement, and apply a set of computational, multiscale techniques for heterogeneous catalysts design with special emphasis on the EMSL theme, &quot…

Organic N Turnover in Soil: An Overlooked Component of C Cycling

Lead Institution

Oregon State University

Principal Investigator

David Myrold

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

It is now generally accepted that most of the organic matter in soils consists of materials that have been processed by the microbial community. Indeed, "necromass"--the remains of dead…

State-of-the-Art Computational Investigations of Environmentally Relevant Uranyl Peroxide Compounds and Nanoparticles

Lead Institution

University of Manchester

Principal Investigator

Nikolas Kaltsoyannis

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The linear dioxo U(VI) moiety [UO2]2+ (uranyl) is ubiquitous in the chemistry of uranium; indeed, approximately half the known compounds of uranium contain this moiety. A fascinating subset of these…

Towards a metabolic model of circadian clock control of metabolism in Neurospora crassa.

Lead Institution

Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

Principal Investigator

Jennifer Hurley

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Biofuel production using cellulases extracted from fungi has the potential to be a major resource to replace fossil fuels and regulating the synthesis of these and other enzymes is crucial for the…

The proteome of a day in the life of Chlamydomonas

Lead Institution

University of California, Berkeley

Principal Investigator

Sabeeha Merchant

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Nearly all organisms exhibit diurnal metabolic cycles. In photosynthetic organisms, light is a key input into metabolic cycles. Transcriptomics experiments in cyanobacteria, algae and plants have…

Histone dynamics during the life cycle of Chlamydomonas

Lead Institution

Donald Danforth Plant Science Center

Principal Investigator

James Umen

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Diurnal cycles are central drivers of gene expression in photosynthetic organisms including cyanobacteria, algae and land plants. The model unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii has…

Advanced Molecular Characterization of Solvo-Catalytic Lignin Disassembly

Lead Institution

Washington University in St. Louis

Principal Investigator

Marcus Foston

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Lignin obtained from lignocellulosic biomass is an abundant, renewable, low-cost resource whose carbon-rich, aromatic composition makes it ideal to displace some petroleum-based feedstocks as…

Understanding the Nucleation, Growth, and Immobilization of Metal Clusters Using First Principles Theoretical Calculations and Mass Spectrometry

Lead Institution

Virginia Commonwealth University

Principal Investigator

Jose Reveles Ramirez

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The properties of clusters vary substantially with the addition or removal of single atoms. This size-dependent behavior enables tuning of the activity and selectivity of cluster-based catalysts with…

Rational Design of Solid-Electrolyte Interfaces for Biofuel Production and Energy Storage

Lead Institution

Universitat Rovira i Virgili

Principal Investigator

Josep Poblet

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Structure-activity relationships determined from molecular-level investigation of mesoscale assemblies of well-defined clusters are critical to the rational development of improved devices for…

A Multiomics, Systems-Based Approach to Quantify the Response of Microbially-Mediated Carbon Turnover to Climate Change Manipulation in a Northern Peatland Forest

Lead Institution

Florida State University

Principal Investigator

Rachel Wilson

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Peatlands store 1/3 of all soil carbon (C) and currently act as net C sinks sequestering C as a complex mixture of organic compounds. The anoxic, water-logged, cool conditions of boreal peatlands…

NOx Adsorber Materials: Fundamental Studies, and Investigations of Sulfur Poisoning and Thermal Deactivation

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Charles Peden

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Catalysits systems related to automotive exhaust control will be investigated. Specifically, the focus will be on catalysts that are important in lean NOx emission control (NOx storage/reduction …