Projects

THE CHARACTERIZATION OF ADSORBED FE(II) AND ITS REACTIVITY WITH NITRITE

Lead Institution

University of Kentucky

Principal Investigator

Christopher Matocha

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Nitrate-dependent, iron(II) oxidation is an important process in the inhibition of soil iron(III) reduction. One important reaction that contributes to this process is chemical reoxidation of…

Determining the Effects of Organic Chemical Mixtures and Wastewater on DNAPL Migration

Lead Institution

Sandia National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Hongkyu Yoon

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

DNAPL spill and water discharge scenarios at the ground surface may significantly impact DNAPL migration, entrapment, and subsequent effects on groundwater quality. A notable example is the Hanford…

Dependence of High Affinity of Metalloprotease for Inhibitor on Internal Millisecond Motions

Lead Institution

University of Missouri - Columbia

Principal Investigator

Steven Van Doren

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) that inhibit them, control the healthy tissue remodeling of wound healing, development in children, and…

Wettability and mass transfer effects on flow and transport of mixed DNAPL in Hanford Site sediments

Lead Institution

University of Texas at Austin

Principal Investigator

Charles Werth

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Approximately 750,000 kg of DNAPL containing carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) was discharged to the vadose zone at the Hanford site. Assuming equilibrium partitioning among phases, an estimated 64%…

Coupling temporal variations in geochemistry to activities of microbial populations in the deep subseafloor biosphere

Lead Institution

Harvard University

Principal Investigator

Peter Girguis

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

To date, studies of the oceanic subsurface biosphere have effectively demonstrated the existence of an active microbial community, and have begun to characterize community density and distribution…

Automated Image Analysis of Low Frequency Radiation Induced Genomic Instability in Human Colon Carcinoma Cells

Lead Institution

NASA Ames Research Center

Principal Investigator

Marianne Sowa

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

This proposal is a continuation of research under EMSL User Proposal #21990. Ionizing radiation induced bystander effects are those effects occurring in cells that were not traversed by radiation…

Characterization of solid oxide fuel cell electrodes after exposure

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Olga Marina

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The purpose of this project is to gain understanding how the fuel electrode chemistry and microstructure is affected by exposure to coal gas contaminants. This is of importance to operating solid…

Hybrid Numerical Methods for Multiscale Modeling of Subsurface Biogeochemical Processes

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Bruce Palmer

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The project is focused on developing a component-based framework and associated parallel software components for doing large scale simulations of subsurface reactive transport by combining different…

NMR Study of Ion Transport in Nanostructured Materials

Lead Institution

Yale University

Principal Investigator

Jun Liu

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The transport of charged species (protons and cations such as lithium) in nanomaterials is the most critical phenomenon in energy conversion and storage devices such as proton conducting membranes in…

Proteomics of Populus: Understanding Protein Expression Involved in Carbon Allocation

Lead Institution

Washington State University

Principal Investigator

Jon Johnson

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

With the availability of the sequenced poplar genome, high throughput proteomic evaluations can reveal molecular understanding of how to make trees grow faster and manipulate allocation of carbon…

Product analysis of reactions of a model system for organics on atmospheric particles: Ozonolysis of Self-Assembled Monolayers on Silicon Surfaces

Lead Institution

University of California, Irvine

Principal Investigator

Theresa McIntire

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Airborne particles have significant effects on climate, visibility, human health and atmospheric reactions. Organics associated with airborne particles are thought to be oxidized to polar,…

Analysis of metabolic responses to signals from the oncogene c-Myc a regulator of cell growth and proliferation.

Lead Institution

Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center

Principal Investigator

Fionnuala Morrish

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The ability of cells to grow, generate energy and respond to environmental stimuli is directly linked to cellular signaling mechanisms. Understand how these signal are regulated is an important…

The Effects of gamma-Irradiation on the Fe(II)/Fe(III) Signatures in Iron Oxide and Iron Silicate Minerals

Lead Institution

University at Buffalo, State University of New York

Principal Investigator

Tracy Bank

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

In our previous study of the effects of gamma-irradiation (sterilization) on natural sediments containing Fe(III)-oxides, Mn-oxides, Fe-rich clay and quartz minerals, analyses showed that cation…

Microbiological, Geochemical and Hydrologic Processes Controlling Uranium Mobility: An
Integrated Field-Scale Subsurface Research Challenge Site at Rifle, Colorado

Lead Institution

Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Ravi Kukkadapu

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The U.S. DOE faces the challenge of cleaning up and/or monitoring large, dilute plumes contaminated by metals, such as U, Tc and Cr, whose mobility and solubility change with redox status. At the…

Heterogeneous Uptake of HNO3 on CaCO3: Determination of the Gas-Particle Reaction Probability as Function of Relative Humidity

Lead Institution

University of Iowa

Principal Investigator

Vicki Grassian

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The proposed work will provide an accurate measurement of the heterogeneous reaction probability for HNO3 on CaCO3 and its dependence on relative humidity. The value of &#947;HNO3 (uptake…

Reduction of Technetium by Fe(II) associated with reduced clay mineral nontronite

Lead Institution

Miami University

Principal Investigator

Hailiang Dong

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Because clay and clay-like minerals are commonly present at DOE sites (smectite, illite, chlorite, biotite), and they are potential backfill materials for nuclear waste repositories, the interaction…

Characterization of Bio-inspired Photonic Crystals for Enhancing Solar Energy Conversion by Single-Molecule Spectroscopy

Lead Institution

Oregon State University

Principal Investigator

Greg Rorrer

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Currently, there is a need for more efficient and cost-effective conversion of solar energy to electricity. The efficiency of photovoltaic solar cells is compromised by the mismatch between the…

Michael Knoblauch's Proposal
Molecular Structure and Interaction of Forisome Filaments

Lead Institution

Washington State University

Principal Investigator

Michael Knoblauch

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Emerging technologies are creating increasing interest in smart materials that may serve as actuators in micro- and nanodevices. Mechanically active polymers currently studied include a variety of…

Impact of Reactive Halogen Species on the Air Quality in Southern California Coastal Areas

Lead Institution

Washington State University

Principal Investigator

Bertram Jobson

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Air pollution in coastal urban centers remains one of the most serious environmental challenges in the State of California, and further efforts to improve air quality are a priority. Mitigation…

Analysis of Organic Oligomers Forming Secondary Aerosol from Wood Combustion-Derived Phenols

Lead Institution

University of California, Davis

Principal Investigator

Cort Anastasio

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Aqueous reactions of phenols will be studied in the laboratory using well defined solutions over a range of conditions (e.g., phenol mixture, oxidant and pH) as surrogates for atmospheric drops. The…