Projects

Understanding the Nucleation, Growth, and Immobilization of Metal Clusters Using First Principles Theoretical Calculations and Mass Spectrometry

Lead Institution

Virginia Commonwealth University

Principal Investigator

Jose Reveles Ramirez

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The properties of clusters vary substantially with the addition or removal of single atoms. This size-dependent behavior enables tuning of the activity and selectivity of cluster-based catalysts with…

Rational Design of Solid-Electrolyte Interfaces for Biofuel Production and Energy Storage

Lead Institution

Universitat Rovira i Virgili

Principal Investigator

Josep Poblet

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Structure-activity relationships determined from molecular-level investigation of mesoscale assemblies of well-defined clusters are critical to the rational development of improved devices for…

A Multiomics, Systems-Based Approach to Quantify the Response of Microbially-Mediated Carbon Turnover to Climate Change Manipulation in a Northern Peatland Forest

Lead Institution

Florida State University

Principal Investigator

Rachel Wilson

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Peatlands store 1/3 of all soil carbon (C) and currently act as net C sinks sequestering C as a complex mixture of organic compounds. The anoxic, water-logged, cool conditions of boreal peatlands…

Epitaxial thin films as model battery electrodes - The reaction front and ionic diffusion

Lead Institution

University of Colorado at Boulder

Principal Investigator

Michael Toney

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Energy conversion and storage is of great importance to a sustainable environment and meeting our energy needs. However, fundamental scientific understanding of rechargeable batteries is far behind…

The Lignin Enigma: Turning the Corner

Lead Institution

Washington State University

Principal Investigator

Norman Lewis

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Lignins (Nature's second most abundant terrestrial plant substances) provide structural support for plants to stand upright, to conduct water/nutrients, and as barriers to opportunistic…

Connecting genomic capabilities to physiology, photosynthesis and carbon cycling

Lead Institution

Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute

Principal Investigator

Alexandra Worden

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

More than 50% of global primary production is performed by land plants and green algae. Of all algae green algae are the most closely related to land plants and therefore provide powerful single cell…

The Organic Surfactant Pool on Secondary Organic Aerosol Particles

Lead Institution

Northwestern University

Principal Investigator

Franz Geiger

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) particles particles rank among the least understood atmospheric constituents in the climate system. Key questions concern their poorly quantified roles in cloud…

A Molecular-to-Regional Scale Understanding of Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Jerome Fast

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Our hypothesis is that a better understanding of fast-reacting processes is needed to make a breakthrough in parameterizing secondary organic aerosols (SOA) for the next generation climate models. To…

Ice Nucleation Propensity of Biological Particles

Lead Institution

Xiamen University

Principal Investigator

Bingbing Wang

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The proposed study will investigate the ice nucleation propensity of atmospheric biological particles using a novel experimental platform developed in EMSL by our group. We will determine…

Organic enrichment of sea spray aerosols: from the air-water interface to spray generation

Lead Institution

Montana State University

Principal Investigator

Robert Walker

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

This proposal describes coupled studies intended to identify and quantify the origin of organic solutes in sea spray aerosols (SSA) and to predict the consequences of aerosol organic enrichment on…

Chemical and physical characterization of fertile soil-derived ice residuals from the Fifth International Ice Nucleation workshop in November 2014 (FIN-1)

Lead Institution

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology

Principal Investigator

Ottmar Mohler

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

A minor fraction of the atmospheric aerosol, so-called ice nucleating particles (INPs), can have a major impact on clouds, precipitation and climate. In particular, fertile soil particles are…

Epitaxial oxide/oxide and oxide/semiconductor heterostructures for water electrolysis

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Scott Chambers

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

This proposal focuses on the design, fabrication and evaluation of structurally and compositionally well-defined complex oxide heterostructures that can facilitate the harvesting of visible sunlight,…

Determination of interactions between lignin model compounds and catalytically active Metal-Organic Frameworks using NMR and EPR

Lead Institution

Sandia National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Mark Allendorf

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Lignin is the most abundant source of renewable aromatics, with 200-300Mtons/yr projected production by a US biofuels industry that would process ~1B tons of biomass to meet DOE goals. However, there…

Molecular Level Investigations of Structural and Chemical Evolution of Interfacial Processes Relevant to Energy Storage Systems

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Wu Xu

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The objectives of this proposal are to understand the reactions occurring at the electrode/electrolyte interphases in lithium-oxygen (Li-O2) batteries, and to investigate the transform mechanisms of…

Molecular Mechanism of PGPR-Plant Associations

Lead Institution

University of Missouri - Columbia

Principal Investigator

Gary Stacey

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

A large body of literature attests to the plant growth promotion effects of various endophytic bacteria, including significant increases in crop yield. These studies include the possible impact of…

Supported Single-Atom Catalysts for Low Temperature Air Pollution Control

Lead Institution

Virginia Polytechnic Institute

Principal Investigator

Ayman Karim

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Catalytic low temperature oxidation is important for many applications including pollution abatement, indoor air quality control, as well as for breaking down chemical warfare agents. Despite…

Use of Electron Paramagnetic Resonance to Trace the Fate of Ozone in Intact Leaves

Lead Institution

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Principal Investigator

Elizabeth Ainsworth

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Ozone is a phytotoxic air pollutant as well as a greenhouse gas, and its concentration has more than doubled in the troposphere since the Industrial Revolution. Ozone is currently considered the most…

Chemical Characterization of Arctic Atmospheric Particles on the North Slope of Alaska using Single-Particle Microscopy and High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry

Lead Institution

University of Michigan

Principal Investigator

Kerri Pratt

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Single-particle microscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry will be utilized to characterize the chemical composition of Arctic atmospheric particles. Given recent sea ice loss, we hypothesize…

Assessing the Effect of Organic Coatings/Mixtures on Multiphase Chemistry of Isoprene Epoxydiols Leading to Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation

Lead Institution

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Principal Investigator

Jason Surratt

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Atmospheric chemistry models routinely fail to predict the formation rate, abundance and spatial distribution of secondary organic aerosol (SOA). On a global basis, isoprene (C5H8) emissions from…

Biogeochemical controls exerted by organic-rich sediments on carbon cycling and uranium mobility

Lead Institution

Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory

Principal Investigator

John Bargar

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Floodplains are hydrologically and biogeochemically dynamic environments that store extensive quantities of carbon, host diverse ecosystems, and serve as interfaces for nutrient and contaminant…