Projects

Molecular Profiling of Membrane Transport Systems in the Ectomycorrhizal Association

Lead Institution

Argonne National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Frank Collart

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Forest ecosystem productivity is often limited by mineral nutrient availability; phosphorus (P) is one of the major mineral nutrients required by forest trees in significant amounts. To overcome P…

Understanding the Physico-Chemical Properties of Dendrimers and Branched Polymers for Applications in Sustainable Li-Air (Li-O2) and Li-Sulfur (Li-S) Energy Storage Systems

Lead Institution

University of Dayton Research Institute

Principal Investigator

Priyanka Bhattacharya

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

This project will develop a fundamental understanding of branched polymers as advanced energy storage materials expanding their applications to sustainable high-energy density storage and conversion…

Changes in mineral stabilized soil organic carbon composition during pedogenesis

Lead Institution

US Geological Survey, Menlo Park

Principal Investigator

Marjorie Schulz

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

A detailed study of carbon in soil chronosequences along the precipitation gradient of the west coast of the U.S. will quantify the mechanisms through which carbon is stabilized and show how…

Probing silicate minerals to explore mechanisms behind age-dependent dissolution rates: An NMR study of feldspars

Lead Institution

University of Southern California

Principal Investigator

A. Joshua West

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

A method developed to quantify hydroxyl (OH) sites on silicates is applied here for the first time to feldspar grains from soils in a glacial chronosequence. Illuminating the interplay between…

Novel NMR approaches for detecting methane/enzyme interactions and biochemical transformations in vivo and in vitro

Lead Institution

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Steven Yannone

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Identifying alternative transportation fuels and reducing atmospheric greenhouse gasses are critical global challenges and central aspects of DOE missions. Methane is an abundant energy source in the…

Microscale analysis of nitrogen transfer in plant rhizosphere-microbial networks

Lead Institution

University of Washington

Principal Investigator

David Stahl

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Anthropogenic inputs of reactive nitrogen (NH4+, NO2-, NO3-) in agriculture, supporting about 40% of the world's population, will increase with population growth and anticipated investments in…

Well-defined metal-oxide catalysts to understand fundamental chemical transformations

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Charles Peden

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Catalytic materials for the full and complex range of chemical transformations being considered for upgrading biomass-derived molecules to fuels and chemicals include metals dispersed on oxide- and…

A Systematic Investigation of the Effect of Ammonia on Scattering and Absorption of Solar Radiation by Secondary Organic Aerosols

Lead Institution

University of California, Davis

Principal Investigator

Christopher Cappa

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Atmospheric aerosols have a profound effect on climate by scattering and absorbing solar and terrestrial radiation. They can be predominantly scattering (e.g., sea-salt aerosol), predominantly…

Tuning the electronic and optical properties of complex oxide epitaxial films and superlattices for efficient visible light harvesting

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Scott Chambers

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

We propose an aggressive program of epitaxial film synthesis, detailed and definitive materials characterization, optical and electronic properties measurements, and carefully coordinated ab initio…

Structural Dynamics of Plant Cellulose Synthesis & Assembly Revealed by CryoTEM and DTEM

Lead Institution

Pennsylvania State University

Principal Investigator

Bryan Nixon

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

We propose to capitalize on preliminary work defining in vitro cellulose synthesis from membrane protein purified from the nonvascular plant Physcomitrella patens. This system grants access to…

Effects of anthropogenic pollution on Amazonian aerosol composition and climate relevant properties

Lead Institution

Universidade de Sao Paulo

Principal Investigator

Paulo Artaxo

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

DOE and Brazilian agencies have funded the multi-year GoAmazon research program from 1 January 2014 through 31 December 2015 to quantify and understand how aerosol and cloud life cycles in a…

Size-dependent molecular-level characterization of secondary organic aerosol from various oxidants using nanospray desorption electrospray (nano-DESI) high-resolution mass spectrometry

Lead Institution

Reed College

Principal Investigator

Juliane Fry

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation from oxidation of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) contributes a large fraction of global aerosol loading, affecting regional and global climate. …

Electronic Properties of Novel Small-Molecule Organic Acceptor Materials in Gas-Phase, Solution and Solid-Phase and in Donor/Acceptor Interface

Lead Institution

Colorado State University

Principal Investigator

Steven Strauss

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

In this project, we will explore, for the first time, electronic properties of the newly discovered class of potent organic acceptors and their composites with various organic donors. Using state-of…

Investigate the structures, energetics, thermodynamics, spectra and electronic properties of benzoic acid, sulfuric acid and water clusters

Lead Institution

Hefei Institute of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences

Principal Investigator

Wei Huang

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Recently, much work has been done to explore the process of new particle formation (NPF). However, the mechanisms by which clusters form in the atmosphere are still poorly understood, which is quite…

Monte Carlo Transition State Search (MCTSS) Program Applied in Theoretical Studies of Criegee intermediates reactions

Lead Institution

Hefei Institute of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences

Principal Investigator

Wei Huang

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Criegee intermediates (CI) are key intermediates in the reaction of ozone with alkenes. The stabilized Criegee intermediates (sCI) can react with atmospheric species such as water vapor, NO2, SO2,…

The fate of newly exposed carbon in the Arctic - controls on release to the atmosphere and transport to the ocean

Lead Institution

University of Michigan

Principal Investigator

Rose Cory

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The carbon (C) in thawing permafrost soils may have global impacts on climate change, yet the controls on processing and fate of this newly released C are poorly understood. Inland waters are…

Systems-level insights into carbon transformations in thawing permafrost by parallel high-resolution organic matter and microbial community characterization.

Lead Institution

Florida State University

Principal Investigator

Jeffrey Chanton

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

A fundamental challenge of modern biology is to understand how information encoded in the genes of organisms translates into physiological and biogeochemical processes manifested at ecosystem to…

Using an engineered protein proxy to constrain protein- mineral interactions

Lead Institution

Oregon State University

Principal Investigator

Markus Kleber

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Objectives: This research intends to contribute to a better mechanistic understanding of protein-mineral attachment by answering questions such as: How do variations in the amino acid sequence of…

Effect of Chemical Processing of Aluminosilicate Mineral Dust Aerosol on Surface Speciation and Reactivity and Consequences for Ice Nucleation and Cloud Formation

Lead Institution

Pennsylvania State University

Principal Investigator

Miriam Freedman

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Aerosol-cloud interactions are the largest uncertainty in our understanding of the climate system. Of particular interest are cirrus (ice) clouds, which are ubiquitous in the upper troposphere,…

Model Early Transition Metal Oxide Catalysts for Biomass Conversion

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Zdenek Dohnalek

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The detailed understanding of biomass conversion on well-defined model oxide catalysts provides valuable feedback for subsequent catalyst design and synthesis of desired products such as biofuels…