Projects

Pore-Scale Evaluation of the Effect of Bioavailable Iron on U(Vi) Reduction Kinetics and U(Iv) Re-Oxidation of Relevance to Bioremediation Efforts at the Hanford Site

Lead Institution

University of Texas at Austin

Principal Investigator

Charles Werth

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Scores of hazardous waste sites are contaminated with uranium, primarily due to uranium mining and processing by the Department of Energy over a 40-year period between 1940 and 1980 (Wolbarst et al.,…

Probing the Fundamental Interactions in Carbon Capture and Sequestration: A Combined Computational and Experimental Investigation

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Vassiliki-Alexandra Glezakou

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The proposed work will investigate the fundamental interactions between sc-CO2 and metal/metal oxide or carbonate surfaces in the presence of other contaminants and metal impurities, in order to…

Microstructural and Irradiation Effects on Ag and Cs Diffusion in CVD-SiC

Lead Institution

University of Wisconsin, Madison

Principal Investigator

Todd Allen

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The DOE has selected the Very High Temperature Gas Cooled Reactor (VHTR) as its next generation nuclear plant. The VHTR is designed to operate at higher temperatures than conventional light water…

Interplay Between Electronic and Ionic Processes at Grain Boundaries of Polycrystalline Oxides

Lead Institution

University College London

Principal Investigator

Alexander Shlyuger

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The main objective of this project is to investigate the interplay between electronic and ionic processes at grain boundaries of polycrystalline oxides, such as MgO, stabilized cubic ZrO2 and…

Molecular Controls of Hematite-CO2 Interactions on Particles with Well-Defined Crystal Planes

Lead Institution

Umea University

Principal Investigator

Jean-Francois Boily

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

This work was devised to contribute to a new basis of understanding of mineral surface reactivity through the used of well-defined surfaces. As it is primordially focused on the reactivity of…

The Influence of Reaction Pathways on the Reduction of U(VI) to U(IV): The Role of the Intermediate U(V) Species

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Eugene Ilton

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

This proposal is focused on the interfacial oxidation/reduction mechanisms of polyvalent metal ions important in subsurface systems. The current research is targeted at unraveling the reaction…

Molecular Chemistry of Secondary Organic Aerosol Formed in Photochemical Aging of Primary Anthropogenic Emissions

Lead Institution

University of California, Irvine

Principal Investigator

Sergey Nizkorodov

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

We propose to examine molecular level processes taking place in anthropogenic secondary organic aerosols (SOA) using recently developed tools of high resolution mass spectrometry. The proposed…

Microbial Systems Ecology of a Seasonally Anoxic Fjord: Saanich Inlet

Lead Institution

University of British Columbia

Principal Investigator

Steven Hallam

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Marine oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) are widespread oceanographic features currently expanding due to global warming. Although inhospitable to aerobic respiring organisms, OMZs support a thriving…

Quantum Mechanical and Molecular Mechanical Methods for Iron-Sulfur Proteins

Lead Institution

Texas A&M University

Principal Investigator

Shuqiang Niu

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Iron-sulfur proteins are an important class of electron carriers and redox sites in a wide variety of electron transport and enzymatic processes, including photosynthesis, respiration, nitrogen…

Examinations of Cell Surface Layer Proteins in the Thermophilic Thermotogales Bacteria to Determine Their Roles in Polysaccharide Hydrolysis

Lead Institution

University of Connecticut

Principal Investigator

Kenneth Noll

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

We propose to characterize the protein constituents of the outer surface layer of cells of the hyperthermophilic bacterium Thermotoga maritima and its relatives and examine their roles in the…

Microscopic Fluoresence Imaging of Cellulose Degradation in Microfluidic Devices

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Jay Grate

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The goals of this project are to (1) test combinations of fluorescent tag, cellulose form, dye-cellulose conjugation method, and microscopy modalities to demonstrate, for the first time, the ability…

Regulating Space: Bacterial Mastery of the Host Actin Cytoskeleton

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Jason McDermott

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Abstract: The host plasma membrane, the landscape for environmental and physical perturbations by many microbial pathogens, enhances or diminishes signal transduction by altering diffusivity and…

Spectroscopic studies of ambiphilic molecular complexes. Activation of small molecules with non-transition metal catalysis

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Thomas Autrey

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

This project will provide fundamental insight into the catalytic activation and transformation of small molecules, e.g., H2, CO2, N2, CH4, by non-metal Lewis pairs in condensed phase environments…

Quantification of Reactive Surface Area of Shales from a Hillslope via 19F MAS NMR of a Fluorine-Containing Probe Molecule

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Karl Mueller

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

To understand natural processes such as nutrient and contaminant cycling as well as carbon sequestration, the rates of regolith formation from rocks and subsequent weathering into secondary minerals…

The Spatial and Chemical Diversity of a Model Microbial Ecosystem by a Combination of Metabolomics and NMR Imaging

Lead Institution

University of California, Berkeley

Principal Investigator

Jillian Banfield

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Mixed microbial communities drive many key biogeochemical processes, but the mechanisms by which microbial species interact, as well as and the relationship between these interactions and community…

Molecular Interfaces to Single-crystal Anatase Surfaces:
Surface Chemistry and Impact on Charge Dynamics

Lead Institution

University of Wisconsin, Madison

Principal Investigator

Robert Hamers

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The anatase form of TiO2 is of great interest as a substrate for a variety of photochemical and photoelectrochemical pathways for solar-to-electrical and solar-to-fuel conversion. The resulting…

Molecular Level Understanding of Dissociation of Radical Cationic Glycosylated and Phosphorylated Peptides: Energetics, Dynamics and Mechanisms

Lead Institution

The University of Hong Kong

Principal Investigator

Ivan Chu

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The goal of this proposed project is to achieve a fundamental understanding of the mechanisms, energetics, and kinetics of specific dissociation pathways of the radical cations of post…

Analysis of Photo-crosslinking Sites of Antagonists and Agonists in CCR5 and CXCR4

Lead Institution

Montana State University

Principal Investigator

Edward Dratz

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The primary objective of our proposed studies are to characterize the residues on CCR5 and CXCR4 (likely to be deep within biological membranes) that directly mediate the interactions with agonist…

Theoretical Study of the Structure and Reactivity of Vanadia Supported on Defected Anatase TiO2 Surface

Lead Institution

University of California, Berkeley

Principal Investigator

Alexis Bell

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Modeling of reactions catalyzed by supported vanadia is attracting a lot of attention worldwide. The vanadia models used for such research are built on a number of assumptions about its structure and…

Phosphorus cycling at mineral-water interface: role of mineral dissolution and transformation

Lead Institution

Yale University

Principal Investigator

Ruth Blake

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Phosphorous (P) is an essential but limiting nutrient for all live forms. Mineral bound PO4 is conditionally available to (micro)organisms depending on the mineral properties, type of bonding…