Projects

Mechanisms of Fe(II)-Catalyzed Transformation of Fe(III)-(Oxyhydr)oxides

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Kevin Rosso

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Interaction of aqueous Fe(II) with major Fe(III)-oxides and oxyhydroxides yields the enigmatic catalytically reactive "sorbed Fe(II)" species and apparent facile recrystallization of even…

Building a Predictive Understanding of Particle-Based Mineral Growth

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

James De Yoreo

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Traditional models of mineral formation through monomer-by-monomer addition have been challenged by recent evidence for crystallization through the addition of "particles," ranging from…

Quantifying variability of soil organic carbon quality as a function of floodplain heterogeneity and downstream distance in a mountainous watershed

Lead Institution

Los Alamos National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Joel Rowland

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Recent research has highlighted the importance of rivers and floodplains as a terrestrial carbon reservoir (Wohl et al., 2012; Regnier et al., 2013; Sutfin et al., 2016) and global assessments…

Understanding the Mechanism of CO Hydrogenation to Oxygenates over Ternary Catalysts: An Integrated Approach Using In Situ and Operando Experimental Techniques

Lead Institution

Washington State University

Principal Investigator

Norbert Kruse

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The submitted proposal will enable highly focused scientific research using unique facilities and expertise at EMSL. This research is largely complementary to ongoing work on oxygenates formation via…

Interactions of Aerosols, Clouds and Precipitation in the Earth System: From molecular scale to global climate simulation

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Philip Rasch

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

This proposal requests cascade resources (0.8M node hours) to produce a more reliable model for climate studies. Staff time is funded with support from other BER projects. Our goals are to (1)…

Characterization of sea spray aerosol under future ocean conditions with implications for cloud formation processes

Lead Institution

State University of New York at Stony Brook

Principal Investigator

Josephine Aller

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Oceans cover 71% of the Earth's surface, contain nearly half the global primary productivity, and are a major source of atmospheric Sea Spray Aerosol (SSA) representing one of the most uncertain…

NMR Studies of Multivalent-ion Electrode Materials for Next Generation Multivalent-Ion Batteries

Lead Institution

Argonne National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Baris Key

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Lithium-ion batteries are currently the rechargeable battery systems of choice in any high energy density application. Existing materials are unable to keep up with the ever growing demands of the…

Mapping the Role of Semivolatile Organics in Aerosol Growth Dynamics

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Rahul Zaveri

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Recent theoretical and laboratory studies have revealed that the timescales of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) partitioning and the associated aerosol growth kinetics depend on the complex interplay…

Static and dynamic study of interfaces and grain boundaries in solution processed halide perovskite based advanced energy conversion systems

Lead Institution

University of California, San Diego

Principal Investigator

Ying Meng

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Advanced energy conversion systems that meet global demands present a formidable goal for a sustainable future. Renewables resources are underexploited, and warrant further research to exploit their…

Omics acceleration of systems improvement of photosynthetic efficiency for higher sustainable yields of bioenergy and bioproduct feedstocks.

Lead Institution

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Principal Investigator

Stephen Long

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Increasing sustainable yields of feedstocks is critical to economic, environmental and land resource viability of bioenergy and bioproduct systems. Photosynthesis is a fundamental contributor to…

From phenotype to genotype and back again: large scale functional characterization of microbial dark matter by combining activity-based cell sorting, isotope labeling, and genomic sequencing

Lead Institution

Montana State University

Principal Investigator

Roland Hatzenpichler

Project type

FICUS Research

Two long-standing problems in microbial ecology are: (1) identifying the factors driving metabolic activity of microbes in their natural environment and (2) determining the substrates that are…

Identifying and applying design rules to engineer polyketide synthases for production of biofuels and bioproducts

Lead Institution

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Jay Keasling

Project type

FICUS Research

Polyketide synthases (PKSs) produce numerous secondary metabolites in soil dwelling bacteria. For over two decades, researchers have known that portions of these enzymes can be recombined to produce…

Tracking switchgrass photosynthate via 13CO2 pulse-chase into the rhizosphere microbiome and metabolome

Lead Institution

Michigan State University

Principal Investigator

Lisa Tiemann

Project type

FICUS Research

This project aims to increase our understanding of plant-microbe interactions, specifically the exchange of plant C for microbially derived nitrogen. Plant exudates are a high energy foods for…

Combining high resolution organic matter characterization and microbial meta-omics to assess the effects of nutrient loading on salt marsh carbon sequestration

Lead Institution

Northeastern University

Principal Investigator

Jennifer Bowen

Project type

FICUS Research

Salt marshes sequester an order of magnitude more carbon in their sediments than their terrestrial counterparts because rates of decomposition are inhibited by anoxic, water-logged soils. Once easily…

Scaling molecular mechanisms of mycorrhizal-decomposer interactions to emergent ecosystem carbon balance

Lead Institution

Boston University

Principal Investigator

Jennifer Bhatnagar

Project type

FICUS Research

Emerging evidence from field experiments and global scale analyses suggests that ectomycorrhizal fungi may slow soil carbon (C) cycling via negative interactions with free-living microbial…

The synchronization of microbial and plant phenology in a mountainous watershed and its importance for nutrient retention under changing hydrologic regimes.

Lead Institution

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Eoin Brodie

Project type

FICUS Research

In mountainous systems that experience seasonal snow-cover, the snowmelt period is characterized by a large pulse of nutrients that originates from microbial mineralization of organic matter beneath…

Linking Proteogenomics, Metabolomics, and Soil Organic Chemistry of Tropical Wetlands to a Soil Nutrient Cycling Model

Lead Institution

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Melanie Mayes

Project type

FICUS Research

Our goal is to explicitly link microbial function for decomposition of soil organic matter to substrate organic chemistry to improve process representation in a soil organic carbon and phosphorus (P)…

Engineering enzyme networks for biomass deconstruction in synthetic microbial communities

Lead Institution

University of British Columbia

Principal Investigator

Steven Hallam

Project type

FICUS Research

Lignocellulose, the main component of plant cell walls, is arguably the most abundant biopolymer on the planet1,2. Through biorefining, it is also a renewable input for energy and materials…

Integrated multi-omic analysis of high lipid accumulation in the oleaginous green microalgae Ostreococcus tauri to engineer metabolic pathways for improved triacylglycerol feedstocks

Lead Institution

Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory

Principal Investigator

James Evans

Project type

Exploratory Research

Our proposed mutli-omic approach will empower a comprehensive understanding of cellular pathways linking carbon, nitrogen and phosphate metabolism in the microalga Ostreococcus tauri. The use of this…

The effect of C decomposition environment on plant detritus in soil organic matter

Lead Institution

University of Wisconsin, Madison

Principal Investigator

Randy Jackson

Project type

Exploratory Research

While it is established that increasing temperature and moisture increases the rate of soil C mineralization, we do not know whether these factors change the chemical quality or physical protection…