Projects

Mechanisms and Kinetics of Organic Aging in High-Level Nuclear Waste (PNNL Scope #29531)

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Thomas Autrey

Project type

Exploratory Research

Examine the aging of organic chemicals in high-level nuclear wastes stored in tanks at Hanford and develop a mechanistic model describing the reactions and kinetics. The part of the work involving…

Investigation of strain in InGaN MQW structures

Lead Institution

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Michael Johnson

Project type

Exploratory Research

InGaN/GaN MQW structures have been grown using a commercial MOCVD reactor. These structures are commonly used for high brightness LEDs and are a necessary component for developing practical white…

The role of protein - mineral interactions for protein cycling in soil and protein extraction efficiency from soils

Lead Institution

Oregon State University

Principal Investigator

Markus Kleber

Project type

Exploratory Research

We intend (1) to improve the ability to detect proteins in physical soil fractions, and (2) to discover preferences of exoenzymes for relevant classes of mineral components in soil. The latter will…

Using Oxygen Isotope Fractionation (delta-18O) in Otoliths to Characterize the Temperature History of Fall Chinook Salmon

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Timothy Linley

Project type

Exploratory Research

Fall Chinook salmon in the Snake River are listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act. A potential factor limiting their recovery is the impact from hydropower generation on river…

Ab Initio Calculations of Charge Carrier Properties and Excited-State Processes in Scintillator Materials: Advanced Materials and Scintillation Mechanisms

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Renee Van Ginhoven

Project type

Exploratory Research

The development of new and improved materials for radiation detection is driven by unmet detector requirements for nuclear non-proliferation, homeland security, imaging for medical diagnosis and…

Nanocomposite magnets for energy applications: exploring hard phase/soft phase interfacial properties

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Jun Cui

Project type

Exploratory Research

Exchange-spring magnets are nanocomposites that are composed of magnetically hard and soft phases that interact by magnetic exchange coupling. By theory, a composite magnet with ideal nanostructure,…

Surface-supported sub-nano clusters as catalysts

Lead Institution

University of California, Los Angeles

Principal Investigator

Anastassia Alexandrova

Project type

Exploratory Research

The ultimate objective of the proposed research is fundamental understanding and design of novel catalytic interfaces based on ultra-small, sub-nano surface-deposited clusters, with a particular…

Computational Study of Colicin Dynamics in Lipid Bilayers

Lead Institution

Bowling Green State University

Principal Investigator

H. Peter Lu

Project type

Exploratory Research

We plan to study the colicin ion channel open-close dynamics involving in protein domains diffuse across the biological membrane under an external electric field. Our work will serve as an adequate…

Liquid Sampling-Atmospheric Pressure Glow Discharge (LS-APGD) Ionization Source for Elemental Analysis and Ambient Mass Spectrometry

Lead Institution

Clemson University

Principal Investigator

Richard Marcus

Project type

Exploratory Research

The continued development of a novel low power, low flow "elemental" ionization source for applications in the areas of metallomics and transportable mass spectrometry is proposed. Based…

Mass spectral characterization of submicron aerosol particles in the Amazon rain forest as part of GoAmazon2014

Lead Institution

Harvard University

Principal Investigator

Scot Martin

Project type

Exploratory Research

GoAmazon2014, a field campaign approved by DOE ARM, focuses on the influence of pollutant outflow from a tropical megacity (Manaus) on the lifecycles of aerosols and clouds, as well as on aerosol…

Carbon management and energy efficiency through chemical reactivity of CO2.

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Vassiliki-Alexandra Glezakou

Project type

Exploratory Research

Advances in computational software and computer architectures have enabled the study of complicated phenomena resulting from intensified efforts towards energy efficiency, emissions management and…

In Situ and Ex Situ Studies of Energy Storage Materials

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Karl Mueller

Project type

Exploratory Research

Innovation of energy storage technology depends critically on the fundamental understanding of the operating mechanism and dynamic interaction across different components in the storage unit. With…

Understanding bio-oil aging and competing thermal reactions with the use of continuous in situ NMR and EPR techniques

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Mariefel Olarte

Project type

Exploratory Research

Biomass is the most readily available renewable source of liquid transportation fuel. According to DOE, fast pyrolysis followed by catalytic upgrading is projected to be the most cost effective among…

Understanding and Utilizing Block Copolymer Templates for the Preparation of Bimetallic Catalysts for Fuel Cell Applications

Lead Institution

Western Washington University

Principal Investigator

David Rider

Project type

Exploratory Research

The invention of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) occurred over a half-century ago and, in spite of extensive developments of its science and its components, its widespread…

The role of protein-mineral interactions for protein oxidation and hydrolysis

Lead Institution

Oregon State University

Principal Investigator

Markus Kleber

Project type

Exploratory Research

We intend (1) to establish the molecular range of modifications to protein integrity and protein structure as such protein becomes associated with mineral surfaces and (2) to determine how mechanisms…

Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy structure determination of the cobalamin binding protein HgcA required for bacterial mercury methylation

Lead Institution

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Alexander Johs

Project type

Exploratory Research

Mercury is a pervasive global pollutant. Its methylated form, methylmercury, poses a substantial threat to human health. Methylation of mercury (Hg) by anaerobic bacteria is the primary source of…

Effect of organic carbon functional groups on the trapping and transformations of U(VI)

Lead Institution

Stanford University

Principal Investigator

Gordon Brown

Project type

Exploratory Research

Understanding the behavior of U(VI) in natural environments is crucial for controlling U contamination from uranium mining and milling activities at DOE legacy sites [1]. Previous studies of U…

Impact of Cholesterol and Some of its Oxidized Derivatives on DPPC in Langmuir Monolayers

Lead Institution

The Ohio State University

Principal Investigator

Heather Allen

Project type

Exploratory Research

The proposed research aims to understand how oxysterols alter the conformation and orientation of lipids in Langmuir monolayers, and how the concentration and chemical modifications of Chol modulate…

Ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry analysis of permafrost soil organic carbon composition and interactions in the Arctic environment

Lead Institution

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Baohua Gu

Project type

Exploratory Research

Arctic permafrost soils contain as much organic carbon as was believed to exist in all soils worldwide and are particularly vulnerable to climate change. Yet, the exact chemical form and composition…

High-resolution imaging of Rhodobacter sphaeroides strains with increased lipid accumulation

Lead Institution

University of Wisconsin, Madison

Principal Investigator

Timothy Donohue

Project type

Exploratory Research

We are requesting access to super resolution fluorescence and electron microscopy/imaging facilities at EMSL. We propose to utilize these facilities to obtain molecular and high-resolution insights…