Projects

Molecular-scale controls on heteroepitaxy at mineral-water interfaces

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Sebastien Kerisit

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The objective of the proposed research is to elucidate and quantify the molecular-scale mechanisms of heteroepitaxial nucleation and growth at mineral-water interfaces. Despite several examples of…

Integration of Pore-Scale Simulations and Multi-Omics Data to Develop Insights into Functional Heterogeneity in Microbial Communities

Lead Institution

Marine Biological Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Zoe Cardon

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The microbial activities on which humanity and ecosystems depend are determined by both microbial community membership and the resources and conditions in the microbes' local environments. In…

NMR Studies of Mg+2 Intercalation Electrodes for Multivalent-Ion Batteries

Lead Institution

Argonne National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Baris Key

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Lithium-ion batteries are currently the rechargeable battery systems of choice in any high energy density application. Existing materials are unable to keep up with the ever growing demands of the…

NMR structure determination of the cobalamin binding protein HgcA and the ferredoxin-like protein HgcB required for bacterial mercury methylation

Lead Institution

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Alexander Johs

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Mercury is a pervasive global pollutant. Its methylated form, methylmercury, poses a substantial threat to human health. Methylation of mercury (Hg) by anaerobic bacteria is the primary source of…

Investigations on Behavior of Carbon-bearing Fluids Under Nanopore Confinement

Lead Institution

The Ohio State University

Principal Investigator

David Cole

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The overarching goal of this proposal is to obtain deeper insight into the behavior of low viscous energy resource fluids under confinement at solid interfaces. To achieve this goal we will (a)…

Structural Characterization of Lithium Rich Layered Transition Metal Oxide LMR-NMC type Cathodes for Li-ion Batteries: Experimental and Computational Approaches

Lead Institution

Argonne National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Baris Key

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Lithium ion batteries are the rechargeable battery system of choice in any high energy density application such as power tools, mobile electronics and electric vehicles. New cathode chemistries, such…

Physiological and Molecular Mechanisms Controlling Altered Flowering Times at Elevated [CO2]

Lead Institution

University of Kansas

Principal Investigator

Joy Ward

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Shifts in flowering time in response to climate change can alter both the timing and amount of carbon that is cycling within ecosystems. Atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2]) has increased from 270…

In-situ TEM study of electrochemically-driven phase transformations in battery storage compounds

Lead Institution

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Principal Investigator

Yet-Ming Chiang

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Many battery electrode materials, such as lithium transition metal olivines ( LiMPO4, M=Fe, Mn, etc) and oxide spinels (LiMn2O4, LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4, Li4Ti5O12, etc), exhibit phase transformation…

Computational Studies of Catalyzed Chemical Transformations of Biomass

Lead Institution

University of Alabama

Principal Investigator

David Dixon

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

There is a critical need to develop new, renewable sources of energy as well as feedstocks for the chemical industry. Biomass is a carbon neutral source of energy and can also address issues related…

Epigenetic engineering to increase expression of novel feedstocks and lignocellulolytic enzymes

Lead Institution

Oregon State University

Principal Investigator

Michael Freitag

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Responses to environmental stimuli, e.g. changes in nutritional status, require space- and time-dependent transcription of genes in the context of chromatin, the assembly of DNA and proteins that…

Investigating the mechanisms for negative priming of soil organic carbon by pyrogenic carbon using NanoSIMS and LA-AMS

Lead Institution

Cornell University

Principal Investigator

Johannes Lehmann

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Reduced turnover rate (often referred to as "negative priming") of soil organic carbon (SOC) by pyrogenic black carbon (pyC) has the potential to have dramatic long-term effects on soil…

Investigations of Metal-organic Frameworks Using High-field Solid State NMR

Lead Institution

University of California, Berkeley

Principal Investigator

Jeffrey Reimer

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are emerging materials for the applications of CO2 capture from post-combustion flue gases. The knowledge of gas binding mechanisms and the in-depth understanding of…

Early Career: Reducing Scale Dependence of Physics Parameterizations for Global Cloud Resolving Climate Models

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

William Gustafson

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

New climate models with variable resolution grids combined with the anticipated two-order reduction in climate model grid spacing, from roughly 100's to 1's km grid spacing, in the next…

Delineating the Roles of Rising CO2 and Temperature on Flowering Time and Plant Carbon Gain across Pre-Industrial Through Future Conditions

Lead Institution

University of Kansas

Principal Investigator

Joy Ward

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Since the Industrial Revolution began (200 years ago), atmospheric [CO2] has increased from 270 to 390 ppm (44% increase), and average global temperatures have risen by 0.76 degrees C. In the future,…

Effects of Time of Day on the Neurospora Metabolome

Lead Institution

Dartmouth College

Principal Investigator

Jay Dunlap

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Biofuel production using cellulases extracted from fungi has the potential to be a major resource to replace fossil fuels and regulating the synthesis of these and other enzymes is crucial for the…

The Role of Interfacial Water on Mineral Transformations in Wet Supercritical CO2

Lead Institution

Washington State University

Principal Investigator

Andrew Felmy

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

We propose a comprehensive experimental and theoretical investigation of the molecular mechanisms governing the role of interfacial water in the reactivity of mineral phases in supercritical carbon…

Probing the Mesoscale Structure at Complex Electrode-Electrolyte Interfaces

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Vijayakumar Murugesan

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Molecular interactions at electrode-electrolyte interface are pivotal to the modern energy storage/conversion and microelectronic devices. However, our predictive understanding about the impact of…

High resolution cell wall structure and polymer analysis of Populus natural variants

Lead Institution

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Jin-Gui Chen

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Bioenergy crops not only provide biofuel that offsets fossil-fuel greenhouse gas emissions but also sequester carbon in the soil through extensive root systems. Plant cell wall characteristics have…

A comprehensive systems-level investigation of the responses of Setaria viridis to growth promoting associations involving Herbaspirillum seropedicae and Azospirillum lipoferum rhizobacteria.

Lead Institution

University of Missouri - Columbia

Principal Investigator

Richard Ferrieri

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

While nitrogen management is an important agronomic trait in any cropping system, it is of particular concern for future bioenergy crops that will be grown on sub-optimal soils lacking this essential…

In-situ MAS NMR Investigations on Catalytic Conversion of Biogenic Molecules in the Presence and Absence of Water

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Jian-zhi Hu

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The catalyzed conversion of biomass to hydrocarbon energy carriers requires a cascade of reactions that deconstruct and reduce the polymeric, highly oxofunctionalized biomass material. This chemistry…