Projects

Structural Characterization of Bacterial Nanowires

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Karl Mueller

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Several species of bacteria are capable of reducing insoluble metal oxides as well as other extracellular electron acceptors. These bacteria play a critical role in the cycling of minerals in…

Atomic scale characterization of dissolution processes in simulant spent nuclear fuel

Lead Institution

University of Cambridge

Principal Investigator

Ian Farnan

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

This proposal aims to provide the underpinning atomistic understanding of the alteration of spent (used) nuclear fuel in contact with repository groundwaters using the unique combination of…

Determination of vadose zone water content using gas-phase partitioning tracers combined with time-lapse electrical conductivity measurements

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Mart Oostrom

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Water content is an important indicator of contaminant distribution and plays a governing role in contaminant transport within the vadose zone. Understanding the water content distribution is…

Understanding unique aqueous glyoxal chemistry leading to formation of secondary organic aerosol

Lead Institution

University of Colorado at Boulder

Principal Investigator

Rainer Volkamer

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Atmospheric aerosols cool climate by scattering incoming solar radiation, and by modifying cloud cover and thus Earth albedo. Organic aerosol (OA) forms a major fraction of aerosol mass in the…

Chemical Characterization of Soot Particles for Model Development

Lead Institution

University of Toronto

Principal Investigator

Murray Thomson

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

An experimental and numerical study is proposed to better understand the evolution of soot morphology and the chemical characterization of particles produced in laminar, co-flow diffusion flames of…

Influence of organic carbon on molecular-scale biogeochemical cycling of iron, sulfur, and uranium in organic-rich aquifer sediments

Lead Institution

Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory

Principal Investigator

John Bargar

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

We propose a SLAC-EMSL collaboration to study the biogeochemical coupling of subsurface natural organic matter (NOM) to iron, sulfur, and uranium redox cycles in the subsurface at the DOE-BER funded…

Analyzing the soil microbial central C metabolic network under contrasting conditions of carbon availability and oxygen concentration in a Florida landscape

Lead Institution

Northern Arizona University

Principal Investigator

Paul Dijkstra

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Understanding how environmental factors affect soil C cycling processes is important, as soil is the largest C pool in terrestrial ecosystems, and any change in its size may feed back to the…

Electronic and optical properties modification of complex oxide epitaxial films and superlattices for efficient light harvesting

Lead Institution

Drexel University

Principal Investigator

Steven May

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

We propose an aggressive program of epitaxial film synthesis, detailed and definitive materials characterization, optical and electronic properties measurements and ab initio simulations with the…

Microbial CH4 and CO2 Fluxes and C Stabilization Mechanisms in Soils

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Vanessa Bailey

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Current versions of the Community Land Model (CLM) do not represent the soil biogeochemical mechanisms controlling the fluxes of CO2 and CH4, two known greenhouse gases (GHG).. This failure is…

Coupled Hydro-Geophysical Inversion of River Water Intrusion and Biogeochemical Transport Modeling at the Hanford 300 Area

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Xingyuan Chen

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

As part of the 2013 research portfolio within the Climate and Environmental Sciences Division of the Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER) at the Department of Energy Office of…

Atmospheric Chemistry of Biomass Burning Aerosol

Lead Institution

State University of New York at Stony Brook

Principal Investigator

Daniel Knopf

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Biomass burning aerosols (BBA) are one of the most ubiquitous organic aerosol types with a source strength on the same order of magnitude as fossil fuel combustion. BBA have significant effects on…

Advanced NMR analysis of the physical interactions leading to biochemical cohesiveness and enzymatic recalcitrance of grass cell walls

Lead Institution

Pennsylvania State University

Principal Investigator

Daniel Cosgrove

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

This is a proposal to use advanced solid-state NMR methods to elucidate the architecture and arrangement of cell walls of plants, grass species in particular. It was conceived within and will be…

Integrated analysis of air pollution in central West Antarctica Brazilian standalone module - Criosfera 1

Lead Institution

Federal University of Parana

Principal Investigator

Ricardo Godoi

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Bromwich et al. 2012 recently revealed, by meteorological observation, a linear increase in annual temperature between 1958 and 2010 by 2.4+/-1.2 degrees C, establishing central West Antarctica as…

FIB/TEM Study of Uranium-Phosphate Mineralization in Subsurface Sediments

Lead Institution

Washington University in St. Louis

Principal Investigator

Jeffrey Catalano

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Uranium contamination of the subsurface at DOE sites has resulted from past mining, milling, and waste disposal processes. Phosphate addition has been proposed as a potential remediation strategy for…

Reactivity and dynamics of complex systems

Lead Institution

University of Minnesota

Principal Investigator

Donald Truhlar

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The project involves an ongoing collaboration of 20+ researchers from University of Minnesota, University of South Carolina, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Pacific Northwest National…

Chemical Characterization of Atmospheric Aerosols and Cloud Water using High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry and Single-Particle Microscopy

Lead Institution

University of Michigan

Principal Investigator

Kerri Pratt

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

High-resolution tandem mass spectrometry and single particle microscopy analysis will be utilized to determine the organic molecular composition and size-dependent mixing state of atmospheric…

An Integrated Experimental and Theoretical Study of Actinide Clusters

Lead Institution

Brown University

Principal Investigator

Lai-Sheng Wang

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Understanding the chemistry of the actinide elements, in particular uranium, is of critical importance to the mission of the U.S. Department of Energy. With the challenges to develop renewable…

Molecular Surface Spectroscopy of Secondary Organic Aerosol Particles

Lead Institution

Northwestern University

Principal Investigator

Franz Geiger

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

This proposal focuses on applying EMSL's high-resolution vibrational spectroscopy (hr-SFG) capabilities (Hongfei Wang), nano-DESI high-resolution mass spectrometry analysis techniques (Julia and…

Inorganic controls on the incorporation of Np(V) and U(VI) in carbonate, sulfate and borate minerals

Lead Institution

University of Notre Dame

Principal Investigator

Peter Burns

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The co-precipitation of actinides in low-temperature mineral phases may exert a significant control on mobility in the subsurface. According to the Department of Energy, Neptunium (Np) is an…

Towards a Predictive Thermodynamic Model for Oxidation States of Uranium Incorporated in Fe (hydr)oxides

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Eugene Ilton

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Bacterially facilitated and abiotic heterogeneous reduction of UVI to UIV has been intensively studied due to the vastly different solubility of hexavalent and tetravalent uranium, with ramifications…