Projects

A Molecular-to-Regional Scale Understanding of Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Jerome Fast

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Our hypothesis is that a better understanding of fast-reacting processes is needed to make a breakthrough in parameterizing secondary organic aerosols (SOA) for the next generation climate models. To…

Ice Nucleation Propensity of Biological Particles

Lead Institution

Xiamen University

Principal Investigator

Bingbing Wang

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The proposed study will investigate the ice nucleation propensity of atmospheric biological particles using a novel experimental platform developed in EMSL by our group. We will determine…

Organic enrichment of sea spray aerosols: from the air-water interface to spray generation

Lead Institution

Montana State University

Principal Investigator

Robert Walker

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

This proposal describes coupled studies intended to identify and quantify the origin of organic solutes in sea spray aerosols (SSA) and to predict the consequences of aerosol organic enrichment on…

Chemical and physical characterization of fertile soil-derived ice residuals from the Fifth International Ice Nucleation workshop in November 2014 (FIN-1)

Lead Institution

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology

Principal Investigator

Ottmar Mohler

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

A minor fraction of the atmospheric aerosol, so-called ice nucleating particles (INPs), can have a major impact on clouds, precipitation and climate. In particular, fertile soil particles are…

Epitaxial oxide/oxide and oxide/semiconductor heterostructures for water electrolysis

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Scott Chambers

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

This proposal focuses on the design, fabrication and evaluation of structurally and compositionally well-defined complex oxide heterostructures that can facilitate the harvesting of visible sunlight,…

Determination of interactions between lignin model compounds and catalytically active Metal-Organic Frameworks using NMR and EPR

Lead Institution

Sandia National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Mark Allendorf

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Lignin is the most abundant source of renewable aromatics, with 200-300Mtons/yr projected production by a US biofuels industry that would process ~1B tons of biomass to meet DOE goals. However, there…

Molecular Level Investigations of Structural and Chemical Evolution of Interfacial Processes Relevant to Energy Storage Systems

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Wu Xu

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The objectives of this proposal are to understand the reactions occurring at the electrode/electrolyte interphases in lithium-oxygen (Li-O2) batteries, and to investigate the transform mechanisms of…

Molecular Mechanism of PGPR-Plant Associations

Lead Institution

University of Missouri - Columbia

Principal Investigator

Gary Stacey

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

A large body of literature attests to the plant growth promotion effects of various endophytic bacteria, including significant increases in crop yield. These studies include the possible impact of…

Supported Single-Atom Catalysts for Low Temperature Air Pollution Control

Lead Institution

Virginia Polytechnic Institute

Principal Investigator

Ayman Karim

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Catalytic low temperature oxidation is important for many applications including pollution abatement, indoor air quality control, as well as for breaking down chemical warfare agents. Despite…

Use of Electron Paramagnetic Resonance to Trace the Fate of Ozone in Intact Leaves

Lead Institution

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Principal Investigator

Elizabeth Ainsworth

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Ozone is a phytotoxic air pollutant as well as a greenhouse gas, and its concentration has more than doubled in the troposphere since the Industrial Revolution. Ozone is currently considered the most…

Chemical Characterization of Arctic Atmospheric Particles on the North Slope of Alaska using Single-Particle Microscopy and High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry

Lead Institution

University of Michigan

Principal Investigator

Kerri Pratt

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Single-particle microscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry will be utilized to characterize the chemical composition of Arctic atmospheric particles. Given recent sea ice loss, we hypothesize…

Assessing the Effect of Organic Coatings/Mixtures on Multiphase Chemistry of Isoprene Epoxydiols Leading to Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation

Lead Institution

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Principal Investigator

Jason Surratt

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Atmospheric chemistry models routinely fail to predict the formation rate, abundance and spatial distribution of secondary organic aerosol (SOA). On a global basis, isoprene (C5H8) emissions from…

Biogeochemical controls exerted by organic-rich sediments on carbon cycling and uranium mobility

Lead Institution

Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory

Principal Investigator

John Bargar

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Floodplains are hydrologically and biogeochemically dynamic environments that store extensive quantities of carbon, host diverse ecosystems, and serve as interfaces for nutrient and contaminant…

Well-defined metal-oxide catalysts to understand fundamental chemical transformations of biomass-derived molecules

Lead Institution

Washington State University

Principal Investigator

Yong Wang

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Detailed, accurate and unambiguous structure/function relationships in metal-oxide catalyzed reactions are essential in the design of efficient catalysts for the conversion of biomass-derived…

Multi-omics approach to identifying mechanisms of evolved tolerance to biobased chemical products

Lead Institution

Technical University of Denmark

Principal Investigator

Rebecca Lennen

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

One of the largest barriers to achieving economical bio-based production of bulk chemicals such as biofuels and polymer precursors is poor tolerance of microbial production hosts toward high…

Molecular Identification of Mercury Complexes with Natural Organic Matter

Lead Institution

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Baohua Gu

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

We propose to utilize the Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS) to identify specific molecules in naturally dissolved organic matter (DOM) that react with mercury (Hg…

Interactions of iron and organic matter as controls on the fate of permafrost carbon in the Arctic

Lead Institution

University of Michigan

Principal Investigator

Rose Cory

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The ongoing thawing of permafrost soils is the only environmental change that allows tremendous stores of organic carbon (C) to be converted into carbon dioxide (CO2) on relatively short time scales,…

Multi-omics Approach to Identifying the Molecular Mechanisms of the Pseudomonas Response to Exudates in the Rhizosphere

Lead Institution

Argonne National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Philippe Noirot

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Rhizosphere communities, the bacteria and fungi that live in symbiotic association with plant roots, have a significant effect on nutrient cycling and biomass accumulation in terrestrial environments…

A Contrasting Case Study of the Proportion and Types of Biological Ice Nucleating Particles from Continental and Maritime Sources

Lead Institution

Colorado State University

Principal Investigator

Paul Demott

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Biological particles may be an important source of ice nucleating particles (INPs) at modestly supercooled cloud temperatures. These particles can thus have large effects on precipitation and climate…

Effect of Condensed-Phase Photochemical Reactions on Viscosity and Volatility of Organic Aerosols

Lead Institution

University of California, Irvine

Principal Investigator

Manabu Shiraiwa

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Recent advances in understanding aerosol chemistry strongly suggest that: (1) photochemical processes occurring inside aerosol particles represent an important mechanism of aging for organic aerosols…