Projects

Understanding structure-function relationships for developing catalysts for energy storage and production reactions.

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Wendy Shaw

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The DOE Basic Energy Sciences Energy Frontier Research Center entitled “Center for Molecular Electrocatalysis” (Bullock), the DOE Basic Energy Sciences “Modular Energy-Based Approach to Molecular…

CLM4 simulations for the Multi-scale Synthesis and Terrestrial Model Intercomparison Project (MsTMIP)

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Maoyi Huang

Project type

Exploratory Research

In this project, we will conduct global and regional simulations of the community land model (CLM4) as required by the CLM4 simulations for the Multi-scale Synthesis and Terrestrial Model…

Electrical and Photoelectrochemical Characterization of Single Crystal Bismuth Vanadate

Lead Institution

University of Texas at Austin

Principal Investigator

C. Buddie Mullins

Project type

Exploratory Research

Bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) is a promising electrode material in photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells. Recently, it has been shown that doping with Mo and W dramatically improves its performance, but the…

Characterization of partially soluble copper oxide nanoparticles for evaluating the role of deposited dose rate in respiratory tract target cell responses

Lead Institution

University of Rochester

Principal Investigator

Alison Elder

Project type

Exploratory Research

The increasing use of nanoparticles (NPs < 100 nm in at least one dimension) in industrial settings has led to a greater concern about the potential for human exposures. Although there are several…

Interface-Specific Radiation Induced Segregation in Nanocrystalline Alloys

Lead Institution

Drexel University

Principal Investigator

Mitra Taheri

Project type

Exploratory Research

The aim of the proposed project is to provide a fundamental understanding of how metallic nanocrystalline alloys can be utilized as radiation tolerant materials in future nuclear reactors. This aim…

Quantifying selective toxicity of nanoparticles in zebrafish xenograft through advanced microscopy

Lead Institution

Oregon State University

Principal Investigator

Robert Tanguay

Project type

Exploratory Research

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) possess a 28-35 fold preferential cytotoxicity toward cancerous T cells in culture. We hypothesize that this cell dependent selective cytotoxicity extends to other…

Natural Organic Matter Composition and its Influence on Microbial Dynamics and Biogeochemical Processes at the Catchment Scale

Lead Institution

University of New Hampshire

Principal Investigator

Paula Mouser

Project type

Exploratory Research

Natural organic material (NOM) present in surface and subsurface environments is able to drive biogeochemical cycles, with implications for carbon flux, nutrient flow, and contaminant metal…

Engineered nano-scale interfaces in scandia stabilized zirconia and samaria doped ceria multi-layer hetero-structures

Lead Institution

Western Michigan University

Principal Investigator

Asghar Kayani

Project type

Exploratory Research

Recent studies showed a colossal enhancement in the oxygen ionic conductivity of multi-layer oxide thin films compared to most commonly used solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) electrolytes. It has been…

Interfacial Properties of Ion-Irradiated SiC/C and SiC/Si Composites

Lead Institution

Northwestern Polytechnical University

Principal Investigator

Yiguang Wang

Project type

Exploratory Research

Disordering behavior of silicon carbide (SiC) ceramics under irradiation has attracted extensive studies due to its great potential for applications in nuclear industry. SiC has been considered as a…

Theoretical Studies of Enhanced Optical Properties of Molecule-Metal Clusters

Lead Institution

Pennsylvania State University

Principal Investigator

Lasse Jensen

Project type

Exploratory Research

The interactions between molecules and metal clusters often lead to new enhanced optical properties which are of great interest for chemical and biological sensing. Understanding the optical…

Cluster Model Studies of Condensed Phase Phenomena Using Temperature-Controlled Photoelectron Spectroscopy

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Xuebin Wang

Project type

Exploratory Research

This program is aimed at obtaining a microscopic understanding of solution chemistry and solvation of negatively charged ions using cluster models in the gas phase. Our primary experimental technique…

Optical and structural properties of doped ZnO nanocrystals

Lead Institution

Washington State University

Principal Investigator

Matthew Mccluskey

Project type

Exploratory Research

Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a semiconductor that has attracted resurgent interest as an electronic material for energy applications. With a direct gap of 3.4 eV at room temperature, ZnO is a wide band gap…

Chemistry of Secondary Organic Aerosol (SOA) in the Ambient Atmosphere: Molecular Level Analysis of Size Resolved SOA Samples Using High Resolution Mass Spectrometry.

Lead Institution

University of California, Berkeley

Principal Investigator

Allen Goldstein

Project type

Exploratory Research

The objective of our research is to study the fundamental chemistry in the formation and aging of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) in the atmosphere. A large fraction of SOA has been shown to be…

Role of metal nanoparticles and patterned composites on enhancing electrical trace gas sensing

Lead Institution

University of Texas at Dallas

Principal Investigator

Shalini Prasad

Project type

Exploratory Research

This proposal seeks to utilize the fabrication and characterization resources at EMSL under the general proposal category for understanding the role of metal nanoparticles in patterned composites in…

Atomic and electronic structures of interfaces of complex oxides: insight from ab initio calculations

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Petr Sushko

Project type

Exploratory Research

Oxide interfaces, superlattices and solid solutions provide opportunities for generating materials with novel properties. A critical issue is to control the quality of the interfaces and atom…

Exploring the Radiation Damage Resistance of Nanoscale Interfaces

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Richard Kurtz

Project type

Exploratory Research

The objective of this research is to rigorously test the hypothesis that internal interfaces can be manipulated at the nanoscale to enhance recombination of radiation-produced defects to dramatically…

Role of Microenvironments and Transition Zones in Field scale microbial ecology and biogeochemistry

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

James McKinley

Project type

Exploratory Research

This is a renewal proposal for a previous collaborative effort between the PNNL Scientific Focus Area (SFA) and EMSL. The research proposed will resolve critical Hanford and basic subsurface science…

Title: The Aspergillus fumigatus proteome during early stages of mammalian lung infection.

Lead Institution

J. Craig Venter Institute

Principal Investigator

Rembert Pieper

Project type

Exploratory Research

Overview- The analysis of the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome is of major interest for the research community working on diseases caused by Aspergilli. This planned research will lead to benefits in…

Pore-Scale Investigation of the Impacts of Transverse Mixing and Solution Chemistry on Mineral Precipitation Relevant to CO2 Sequestration

Lead Institution

ExxonMobil Research and Engineering

Principal Investigator

Changyong Zhang

Project type

Exploratory Research

Transverse mixing limited reactive transport resulting in mineral precipitation impact groundwater remediation and geological sequestration of CO2, due to reductions in effective porosity and…

Characterization of ion movement in organic electronic devices

Lead Institution

Western Washington University

Principal Investigator

Janelle Leger

Project type

Exploratory Research

An emerging advantage of organic semiconductors is their ability to conduct ions in applications such as light-emitting electrochemical cells, photovoltaics, actuators, and electrochromic devices,…