Projects

Influence of Reactive Transport on the Reduction of U(VI) in the Presence of Fe(III) and Nitrate (Liu NABIR-Fe/U, PNNL Scope #42331)

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Chongxuan Liu

Project type

Exploratory Research

To examine in sediment-containing experimental systems (packed columns) the reduction of U(VI) by metal-reducing bacteria in a simulated groundwater medium. Work authorization text added 08/11/05:…

Interactions Between Fe(III) - Reducing Bacteria and Fe Oxides: Microbial and Geochemical Dissolution Controls (Zachara BES-oxide), PNNL Scope #28036)

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

John Zachara

Project type

Exploratory Research

Investigate electron transfer mechanisms involved in bacterial Fe(III) oxide reduction. Work authorization text added 08/11/05: Fe(III) oxides poise the oxidation/reduction potential of…

Coupling of Fe and Tc Speciation in Subsurface Sediments: Implications to Long-Term Tc Immobilization (Zachara NABIR-Fe/Tc, PNNL Scope # 40761)

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

John Zachara

Project type

Exploratory Research

Creating an in-situ bio-barrier containing sediment-bound, biogenic FE(II) to reduce and collect mobile Tc(VII)O4 - The research objective is to provide scientific insights on the rates of reductive…

Mineralogic Residence and Desorption Rates of Sorbed 90Sr in Contaminated Subsurface Sediments: Implications to Future Behavior and In-Ground Stability
(Zachara EMSP-Sr, PNNL Scope #40896)

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

John Zachara

Project type

Exploratory Research

Define the mineralogic residence and intraparticle distribution of 137Cs in sediments contaminated with two different high-level waste (HLW) types, and to define the relationships of residence and…

Impacts of Mineralogy and Competing Microbial Respiration Pathways on the Fate of Uranium in Contaminated Groundwater (Zachara, NABIR-U,
PNNL Scope #41648)

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

John Zachara

Project type

Exploratory Research

Characterize the dominant Fe and S minerals that are likely to limit U speciation in-situ; directly quantify reaction rates and pathways of microbial respiration (terminal electron-accepting)…

Characterization of U(VI) Sorption-Desorption Processes and Model Upscaling (Zachara, EMSP-U, PNNL Scope #43914)

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

John Zachara

Project type

Exploratory Research

Develop experimental data, process-level models, and up-scaling approaches to improve capabilities to model U(VI) transport in heterogeneous vadose zone and groundwater plumes.

The Influence of Calcium Carbonate Grain Coatings on Contaminant Reactivity in Vadose Zone (Zachara, EMSP-Carbonate, PNNL Scope # 30952)

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

John Zachara

Project type

Exploratory Research

To test three hypothesis to determine the effect of surface carbonate formation on the interaction of contaminants with minerals in the vadose zone at Hanford.

S & T Road Mapping for Needs From All Sources (Zachara EM-ST, PNNL Scope #30998)

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

John Zachara

Project type

Exploratory Research

Hanford Remediation and Closure Science Project The Hanford Site Groundwater Protection Program, formerly the Groundwater/ Vadose Zone Integration Project, was established in 1997 to develop the…

Computational and FTIR Spectroscopic Studies of Vibrational and Electronic Properties of Transition Metal Mixed-Valence Complexes in Solution

Lead Institution

University of Washington

Principal Investigator

Munira Khalil

Project type

Exploratory Research

Developing a detailed molecular picture of ultrafast photoinduced electron transfer processes in solution will aid the development of new light harvesting technologies. The goal of this project is to…

Ongoing Study of Catalytic Properties of Atomic Metals in Polyaniline

Lead Institution

Georgia Institute of Technology

Principal Investigator

Miraslawa Josowicz

Project type

Exploratory Research

Ongoing Study of Catalytic Properties of Atomic Metals in Polyaniline Project Lead: Mira Josowicz, Ph.D Project Lead Institution: Georgia Institute of Technology, Georgia Tech Research Corporation…

Fungal and bacterial weathering of apatite and wollastonite in forest soils

Lead Institution

Eastern Washington University

Principal Investigator

Carmen Nezat

Project type

Exploratory Research

Mineral weathering is an important process in biogeochemical cycling because it releases nutrients from less labile pools (e.g., rocks) to the food chain, affects the porosity of earth materials, and…

Remediation & Closure Science Project/ Subsurface Science Tasks (Zachara/Freshly, EM-closure, PNNL Scope #47040). [was aka S & T Road Mapping for Needs From All Sources (PNNL Scope #30998)].

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

John Zachara

Project type

Exploratory Research

Hanford Remediation and Closure Science Project The Hanford Site Groundwater Protection Program, formerly the Groundwater/ Vadose Zone Integration Project, was established in 1997 to develop the…

Exploring the Radiation Damage Resistance of Nanoscale Interfaces

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Richard Kurtz

Project type

Exploratory Research

The objective of this research is to rigorously test the hypothesis that internal interfaces can be manipulated at the nanoscale to enhance recombination of radiation-produced defects to dramatically…

Pore-Scale Investigation of Gas Exsolution from CO2/Water Solution during A Depressurization Process Relevant to Carbon Sequestration

Lead Institution

Stanford University

Principal Investigator

Sally Benson

Project type

Exploratory Research

A microscopic investigation of exsolution of CO2 from CO2 saturated brines is proposed. Exsolution of CO2 poses a poorly understood risk for geological sequestration of CO2 if saturated brines…

Hybrid Electrode Materials for High Energy Supercapacitors

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Satish Nune

Project type

Exploratory Research

Nanostructured carbon materials have gained significant attention in recent years due to their potential applications including energy storage. Although various types of carbon based materials have…

A systems approach to design of reference biomass substrates for discovering highly efficient cell wall polysaccharide degrading enzymes to overcome biomass recalcitrance

Lead Institution

Washington State University Tri-Cities

Principal Investigator

Xiao Zhang

Project type

Exploratory Research

There is little doubt that sugar will become the primary currency of the future bioeconomy. Lignocellulosic biomass has been regarded as the most promising and sustainable source for supplying non…

Semi-Experimental Equilibrium Structures for Molecules of Biological Significance

Lead Institution

Oberlin College

Principal Investigator

Norman Craig

Project type

Exploratory Research

Polyenes are important in biology, where they play central roles in vision, in natural pigments, and in light-harvesting for photosynthesis. Putting fluorine substituents in medicinal substances has…

Catalyst and Material Development for Warm Cleanup of Biomass or Coal-Derived Syngas: Tar, Methane, Inorganic Contaminant Species, and CO2 Removal

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Robert Dagle

Project type

Exploratory Research

Syngas from biomass or coal has many applications in the area of catalytic fuels and chemicals synthesis, as well as hydrogen production for petroleum refineries, ammonia synthesis and for fuel cell…

Development of Catalysts for the Selective Conversion of Biomass Derived Products to Fuels

Lead Institution

Virginia Polytechnic Institute

Principal Investigator

Ayman Karim

Project type

Exploratory Research

The large increase in energy demand by emerging economies and the environmental concerns over the use of fossil fuels has led to the focus on renewable energy sources such as biomass. Several…

XPS Investigation of Surface Passivation during Fe(II)-activated Recrystallization of Al-, Cr-, and Sn-substituted Goethite and Hematite

Lead Institution

Washington University in St. Louis

Principal Investigator

Jeffrey Catalano

Project type

Exploratory Research

Microbially-mediated iron redox cycling results in secondary abiotic reactions between aqueous Fe(II) and solid Fe(III) oxide minerals. These reactions induce iron oxide minerals such as goethite and…