Projects

Experimental Studies of Fundamental Molecule-Particle Interactions and Reactions on Iron Metal and Oxide Surfaces

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

R. Smith

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

We will employ a novel 'atom-dropping' approach to explore the reactivity Fe and Fe oxides with environmentally relevant species. Iron oxides will be deposited directly via evaporation or…

Environmental Chemistry of Soot Particles

Lead Institution

Stanford University

Principal Investigator

Hai Wang

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

We propose to examine molecular composition of laboratory-generated and aircraft engine soot using complementary methods of chemical analysis. First, soot will be examined using IR spectroscopy in a…

Fracture Size Controls on Diffusion Rate Into Micro-Fractures

Lead Institution

Washington State University

Principal Investigator

Markus Flury

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Dissolution of uranium minerals within fractures has been found to be a diffusion rate limited process; thus, diffusive mass transfer in sediment micro-factures significantly affects the fate and…

Unraveling Cellular Controls on the Diversity of Mn Oxides Formed By Fungi

Lead Institution

Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

Principal Investigator

Colleen Hansel

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Mn(III/IV) oxides are potent scavengers and oxidants of numerous nutrients and contaminants within the environment. The oxidation and sorption capacity of Mn oxide phases, however, is highly…

The Physical and Chemical Properties of Exhaust Particulates Generated by New-Generation Engines

Lead Institution

University of Wisconsin, Madison

Principal Investigator

David Foster

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Customers and governments are demanding greater fuel efficiency in light duty engine applications. Since the majority of light duty engines in North America are fueled by gasoline, gasoline engine…

The Chemistry of Hanford Sediments Reacted with Simulated Tank Waste Leachates: High-Resolution 27Al MAS and MQMAS NMR Studies

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Karl Mueller

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

At sites such as Hanford, a former US Department of Energy (DOE) plutonium production facility, caustic nuclear waste (containing Cs-137 and Sr-90) has leaked from underground waste storage tanks…

Quantitative Characterization of Surface Plasmon-Enhanced Electromagnetic Fields on Ag Nanostructures by Two-photon Photoemission Electron Microscopy

Lead Institution

University of Florida

Principal Investigator

Wei Wei

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Achieving a precise correlation between the localized optical properties and the local geometry of nanostructures will significantly advance the understanding of the nature and origin of nano…

Correlation of Composition, Microstructure, and Strain at InGaN/GaN Interfaces with Optoelectronic Properties of III-Nitride-Based Light-Emitting Diodes

Lead Institution

Carnegie Mellon University

Principal Investigator

Lisa Porter

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

In the proposed research we seek to address critical materials issues in GaN-based light emitting diodes (LEDs) for future solid-state lighting applications. Solid-state lighting has enormous…

Designing Nanomaterials for Fuel Cells Electrocatalysts

Lead Institution

Washington State University

Principal Investigator

Yuehe Lin

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Fuel cells are very important in addressing the issues with environment and global climate change. The main challenges for developing fuel cells are the prohibitive production cost and poor…

Toxoplasma Gondii Developmental Biology: A Correlative Transcriptome Proteome Approach

Lead Institution

Yeshiva University, Albert Einstein College of Medicine

Principal Investigator

Louis Weiss

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The Apicomplexa include most of the major protozoan pathogens of humans and animals, such as Plasmodia (malaria), Babesia, Theileria, Cryptosporidia, Cyclospora, Neospora, Eimeria, and Isospora. Of…

Membrane Receptor-Directed Nanomaterial-Cell Interactions

Lead Institution

University of Montana

Principal Investigator

Andrij Holian

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The global market for nanotechnology is expected to grow to ~$3 trillion by 2015 and with the increased fabrication and usage of nanomaterials the potential for exposure of nanotechnology workers and…

A Joint Experimental and Computational Investigations of U(VI) Excited States in Uranyl Compounds Relevant to U(VI) Remediation At DOE Sites

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Zheming Wang

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Actinides widely exist in natural resources such as mines, atmosphere, and underground water, and in man-made radioactive nuclear wastes from nuclear power plants and weapons production. Particularly…

Integrated Modeling and Experimental Evaluation of Hydrodynamic and Microbial Controls on DNAPL Dissolution and Detoxification

Lead Institution

Michigan Technological University

Principal Investigator

Eric Seagren

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Tetrachloroethene (PCE) and trichloroethene (TCE) are among the most common organic subsurface contaminants at DOE and many other contaminated sites. In situ bioremediation of aqueous-phase PCE and…

Fundamentals of Carbonate Formation: Interactions of CO2 with Supported Metal Oxide Clusters

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Xiao Lin

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

We propose to study the fundamental aspects of CO2 adsorption and reactions leading to carbonate (CO32-) formation on well-characterized surfaces and supported nanoclusters of model oxides. Well…

Pore Connectivity in Hanford Sediments and Natural Rock

Lead Institution

The University of Texas at Arlington

Principal Investigator

(Max) Qinhong Hu

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Pore connectivity in natural sediments and rock has important short- and long-term effects on fluid flow and chemical transport. These effects have implications for the remediation of contaminated…

Meta-Proteomic Analysis of Hg and U Contaminated Microbial Communities

Lead Institution

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Dwayne Elias

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The sulfate- and Fe(III)- reducing bacteria (SRB and IRB) are primarily responsible for the biotransformation of metals and radionuclides in porous subsurface sediments. Desulfovibrio spp. and…

Reconstructing the Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Metabolic Model

Lead Institution

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

Principal Investigator

Clifton Barry

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Tuberculosis (TB) kills 3 million people every year, and the rising tide of drug-resistant TB threatens to overwhelm global health programs. New and improved drugs are urgently needed to shorten the…

Charge Transfer, Transport, and Reactivity in Complex Molecular Environments

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Ram Devanathan

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Proton transport in polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs) for fuel cells is of fundamental scientific interest and holds practical importance, because of the efficient conversion of fuel chemical…

Mechanistic Understanding of Glass-Water Reaction

Lead Institution

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Eric Pierce

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The construction of valid rate models, such as the Transition State Theory Kinetic Rate Equation, to describe the dissolution of rock-forming minerals, the evolution of soils, and the corrosion…

Multiscale Modeling of Radiation Effects in Novel Nuclear Waste Forms

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Ram Devanathan

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The safe immobilization of high-level nuclear waste is one of the major challenges facing humanity today. This multi-scale computational effort aims to obtain a fundamental understanding of…