Projects

Microstructural and Irradiation Effects on Ag and Cs Diffusion in CVD-SiC

Lead Institution

University of Wisconsin, Madison

Principal Investigator

Todd Allen

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The DOE has selected the Very High Temperature Gas Cooled Reactor (VHTR) as its next generation nuclear plant. The VHTR is designed to operate at higher temperatures than conventional light water…

Interplay Between Electronic and Ionic Processes at Grain Boundaries of Polycrystalline Oxides

Lead Institution

University College London

Principal Investigator

Alexander Shlyuger

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The main objective of this project is to investigate the interplay between electronic and ionic processes at grain boundaries of polycrystalline oxides, such as MgO, stabilized cubic ZrO2 and…

Molecular Controls of Hematite-CO2 Interactions on Particles with Well-Defined Crystal Planes

Lead Institution

Umea University

Principal Investigator

Jean-Francois Boily

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

This work was devised to contribute to a new basis of understanding of mineral surface reactivity through the used of well-defined surfaces. As it is primordially focused on the reactivity of…

The Influence of Reaction Pathways on the Reduction of U(VI) to U(IV): The Role of the Intermediate U(V) Species

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Eugene Ilton

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

This proposal is focused on the interfacial oxidation/reduction mechanisms of polyvalent metal ions important in subsurface systems. The current research is targeted at unraveling the reaction…

Molecular Chemistry of Secondary Organic Aerosol Formed in Photochemical Aging of Primary Anthropogenic Emissions

Lead Institution

University of California, Irvine

Principal Investigator

Sergey Nizkorodov

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

We propose to examine molecular level processes taking place in anthropogenic secondary organic aerosols (SOA) using recently developed tools of high resolution mass spectrometry. The proposed…

Microbial Systems Ecology of a Seasonally Anoxic Fjord: Saanich Inlet

Lead Institution

University of British Columbia

Principal Investigator

Steven Hallam

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Marine oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) are widespread oceanographic features currently expanding due to global warming. Although inhospitable to aerobic respiring organisms, OMZs support a thriving…

Quantum Mechanical and Molecular Mechanical Methods for Iron-Sulfur Proteins

Lead Institution

Texas A&M University

Principal Investigator

Shuqiang Niu

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Iron-sulfur proteins are an important class of electron carriers and redox sites in a wide variety of electron transport and enzymatic processes, including photosynthesis, respiration, nitrogen…

Structure determination of leucine-rich amelogenin protein adsorbed to hydroxyapatite using computational structure prediction

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Wendy Shaw

Project type

Exploratory Research

The formation of biogenic materials requires the interaction of organic molecules with the mineral phase. In forming dental enamel, the mineralization of hydroxyapatite (HAp) is largely attributed to…

Examinations of Cell Surface Layer Proteins in the Thermophilic Thermotogales Bacteria to Determine Their Roles in Polysaccharide Hydrolysis

Lead Institution

University of Connecticut

Principal Investigator

Kenneth Noll

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

We propose to characterize the protein constituents of the outer surface layer of cells of the hyperthermophilic bacterium Thermotoga maritima and its relatives and examine their roles in the…

Microscopic Fluoresence Imaging of Cellulose Degradation in Microfluidic Devices

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Jay Grate

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The goals of this project are to (1) test combinations of fluorescent tag, cellulose form, dye-cellulose conjugation method, and microscopy modalities to demonstrate, for the first time, the ability…

Determination of the peptide-binding sites on the bacterial chaperone protein SecB

Lead Institution

University of Missouri - Columbia

Principal Investigator

Linda Randall

Project type

Exploratory Research

The chaperone protein SecB is required for the efficient export of certain proteins across the periplasmic membrane of E.coli. SecB promotes export by binding to the proteins and delivering them to…

The Role of Lipid Phosphatase Sac1 in the Organization of the Cortical/Tubular Endoplasmic Reticulum in Yeast

Lead Institution

Oregon Health & Science University

Principal Investigator

Peter Mayinger

Project type

Exploratory Research

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a continuous membrane system but consists of various domains that perform different functions. Distinct ER regions are composed of sheets and tubules, which differ…

Regulating Space: Bacterial Mastery of the Host Actin Cytoskeleton

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Jason McDermott

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Abstract: The host plasma membrane, the landscape for environmental and physical perturbations by many microbial pathogens, enhances or diminishes signal transduction by altering diffusivity and…

Spectroscopic studies of ambiphilic molecular complexes. Activation of small molecules with non-transition metal catalysis

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Thomas Autrey

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

This project will provide fundamental insight into the catalytic activation and transformation of small molecules, e.g., H2, CO2, N2, CH4, by non-metal Lewis pairs in condensed phase environments…

Bioinspired electrocatalysts for small molecule activation.

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Wendy Shaw

Project type

Exploratory Research

The proposed EMSL research is in support of three DOE Basic Energy Sciences research programs that focus on the development of new classes of electrocatalysts for important energy storage and energy…

Nanoparticle / PDMS-based Microfluidic Device for Environmental Monitoring

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Jun Wang

Project type

Exploratory Research

This proposal is to develop nanoparticle-based microfluidic chips for multiplexed detection of environmental biomarkers. We will choose the poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) to fabricate the microfluidic…

Quantification of Reactive Surface Area of Shales from a Hillslope via 19F MAS NMR of a Fluorine-Containing Probe Molecule

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Karl Mueller

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

To understand natural processes such as nutrient and contaminant cycling as well as carbon sequestration, the rates of regolith formation from rocks and subsequent weathering into secondary minerals…

Characterize the Thermodynamic Forces of Decomposing a Cellulose Microfibril

Lead Institution

University of California, Berkeley

Principal Investigator

Jhih-Wei Chu

Project type

Exploratory Research

To develop viable technologies for the enzymatic decomposition and conversion of cellulosic materials into fuels, mechanistic understanding of the molecular processes that are involved is in urgent…

The Spatial and Chemical Diversity of a Model Microbial Ecosystem by a Combination of Metabolomics and NMR Imaging

Lead Institution

University of California, Berkeley

Principal Investigator

Jillian Banfield

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Mixed microbial communities drive many key biogeochemical processes, but the mechanisms by which microbial species interact, as well as and the relationship between these interactions and community…

Molecular Interfaces to Single-crystal Anatase Surfaces:
Surface Chemistry and Impact on Charge Dynamics

Lead Institution

University of Wisconsin, Madison

Principal Investigator

Robert Hamers

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The anatase form of TiO2 is of great interest as a substrate for a variety of photochemical and photoelectrochemical pathways for solar-to-electrical and solar-to-fuel conversion. The resulting…