Projects

Evaluation of the Adaptation and Acclimation of Hypersaline Lithifying Microbial Mats to Salinity Disturbance in the Great Salt Lake Ecosystem

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Stephen Callister

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Multiple capabilities at EMSL will be applied to mat microbial communities present along a salinity gradient between the North and South arms of the Great Salt Lake, UT. These lithifying microbial…

Multiscale Modeling for Hydrogenases

Lead Institution

Texas A&M University

Principal Investigator

Michael Hall

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Hydrogen is a clean-burning fuel with high energy density and has become a target as one ecological-friendly fuel for the future. Hydrogenase proteins catalyze the reversible conversion of molecule…

Impact of phase state and viscosity of organic aerosol particles on the reactive uptake of carbonyls in secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation

Lead Institution

Harvard University

Principal Investigator

Scot Martin

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) is a major constituent of submicron atmospheric aerosol particles, whose effects on climate and human health remain highly uncertain. Until very recently SOA particles…

Characterization of sources from intermediate-scale field lysimeter studies of plutonium vadose zone transport

Lead Institution

Clemson University

Principal Investigator

Brian Powell

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The objectives of this work are to develop qualitative conceptual models and quantitative reactive transport models of plutonium migration in unsaturated zones (i.e. the vadose zone). The unique…

Identifying the key organisms, pathways and locations of lignocellulosic biomass transformation and hydrogen production in wood-feeding Passalid beetles

Lead Institution

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Eoin Brodie

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Passalid beetles, such as Odontotaenius disjunctus, are subsocial insects that process large amounts of woody biomass by feeding on triturated wood. These beetles have co-evolved with their digestive…

Is the mobilization of sedimentary phosphorus a key player for sustaining eutrophication in the Chesapeake Bay?

Lead Institution

University of Delaware

Principal Investigator

Deb Jaisi

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

With the rise of coastal dead zones, oxygen-dependent feedback effects on phosphorus (P) cycling in coastal environments will play more important roles globally. Proposed research will employ…

Revealing the Atomic Surface Restructuring of Bi-metallic Catalysts Nanoparticles by Environmental (S)TEM

Lead Institution

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Haimei Zheng

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Our research goal of this proposal is to study the structural dynamics of cobalt-based bi-metallic nanoparticle catalysts during reactions using environmental transmission electron microscopy (ETEM)…

In Situ TEM Study of Anode Nanomaterials for Energy Storage

Lead Institution

University of Texas at Austin

Principal Investigator

Brian Korgel

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The goal of this project is to understand the physical and chemical changes, along with interfacial charge transfer, that occur in advanced anodes in lithium ion batteries (LIBs). For example,…

Plant Biotic Defense Dynamics

Lead Institution

Rice University

Principal Investigator

Janet Braam

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Plant survival strategies include balancing resource allocation to growth versus defense against biotic stress. Despite the importance of this balance for plant productivity, measured as biomass and…

Pre-equilibrium in-situ solvated ion/molecular adsorption processes and events on solid substrates in aqueous environments: Adsorption discretization, surface adsorption waves and repulsive forces

Lead Institution

Guangzhou University

Principal Investigator

Mario Gomez

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The purpose of the proposed work is to image and analyze chemically at the micro-nano scale pre-equilibrium adsorption processes and events hypothesized to occur (adsorption discretization, surface…

Computational Studies of Catalyzed Chemical Transformations of Biomass-Derived Intermediates

Lead Institution

University of Alabama

Principal Investigator

David Dixon

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

There is a critical need to develop new, renewable sources of energy as well as feedstocks for the chemical industry. Biomass is a carbon neutral source of energy and can also address issues related…

In Situ and Ex Situ NMR Investigation of the Electrochemistry in Lithium Batteries

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Jian-zhi Hu

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Li-metal is an ideal anode material for rechargeable batteries. However, dendritic Li growth and limited Coulombic efficiency (CE) during repeated Li deposition/stripping processes have prevented the…

Studies to Improve the Representation of Ice Nucleation in Models of the Arctic Climate

Lead Institution

University of British Columbia

Principal Investigator

Allan Bertram

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The Arctic region has been shown to be especially sensitive to climate change. Ice and mixed-phase clouds play an important role in climate in this region. Nevertheless, regional and global climate…

Modeling fundamental properties of Metal-organic Species at Solvent and Non-solvent Mediated Interfaces

Lead Institution

Washington State University

Principal Investigator

Kerry Hipps

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The proposed research will focus on investigating interfacial processes and properties of metal-organic films in solvent and non-solvent mediated interfaces. The goal is to understand the kinetics…

Physicochemical Analysis and Ice Nucleation Potential of Particles from a Tropical Terrestrial Biosphere Impacted by Anthropogenic Emissions

Lead Institution

State University of New York at Stony Brook

Principal Investigator

Daniel Knopf

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The Amazonian region has been documented to be a source of a wide range of aerosol particle types including biogenic secondary organic aerosol (SOA) and salts, primary biological aerosol particles,…

Holistic Interactions of Shallow Clouds, Aerosols, and Land-Ecosystems (HI-SCALE)

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Jerome Fast

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

The proposed HI-SCALE field campaign to be conducted in the vicinity of the Southern Great Plains (SGP) "megasite" in Oklahoma during 2016 will utilize unique observational tools available…

Understanding NOx SCR Mechanisms and Activity on Cu/Chabazite Structures throughout the Catalyst Life Cycle

Lead Institution

Washington State University

Principal Investigator

Jean-Sabin McEwen

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

This proposed EMSL use will enable research that has been recently funded at PNNL by the Department of Energy (DOE), and at the remainder of the partner institutions by a joint DOE/National Science…

Effect of Relative Humidity and Cloud Processing on Biogenic and Anthropogenically-Influenced Organic Aerosols - A Combined Laboratory and Modeling Approach

Lead Institution

University of California, Irvine

Principal Investigator

Sergey Nizkorodov

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Recent advances in understanding aerosol chemistry strongly suggest that atmospheric water vapor and liquid water have strong influence of the composition and properties of biogenic and anthropogenic…

Advancing Heterogeneous Catalysis of Routes for the Conversion of Complex Biogenic Feedstocks in Aqueous and Apolar Solvents

Lead Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Principal Investigator

Donald Camaioni

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

This proposal aims to provide molecular insight into elementary reaction steps and their kinetics in condensed phases at an atomic and molecular level, which rivals the currently possible insight…

Behavior of Ions and H2O at NOM, Clay, and Clay-NOM Interfaces with Supercritical Fluids

Lead Institution

St. Mary's College of Maryland

Principal Investigator

Geoffrey Bowers

Project type

Large-Scale EMSL Research

Our research program strives to provide new insight into the fundamental molecular-scale dynamics, energetics, and reactivity of geochemically relevant solid-fluid interfaces through combined…